SEIFEM 2010-E: economic evaluation of posaconazole for antifungal prophylaxis in patients with acute myeloid leukemia receiving induction chemotherapy.

Posaconazole demonstrated clinical superiority over fluconazole and itraconazole for prophylaxis of mold infections, although concerns exist regarding the high acquisition cost for posaconazole. In this respect, we sought to analyze the costs of antifungal prophylaxis in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) who received prophylactic posaconazole (n = 510, 58%), itraconazole (n = 120, 14%) or fluconazole (n = 175, 20%) during induction chemotherapy. The estimated cost of antifungal prophylaxis as well as the costs of subsequent systemic antifungal therapy for treatening an invasive fungal infections (IFI) was higher in the posaconazole group compared to itraconazole and fluconazole groups. Based on the Monte Carlo simulations, the itraconazole group had the highest cost, followed by the posaconazole and fluconazole group, although the overall survival was higher in the posaconazole group as compared to the other groups. In conclusion, the cost of prophylaxis with posaconazole in AML patients compares favorably with conventional antifungal agents.