Hernández-Vásquez Akram, Tapia-López Elena
Universidad Privada del Norte. Lima. Perú.
Universidad de Buenos Aires. Buenos Aires. Argentina.
Rev Esp Salud Publica. 2017 May 19;91:e201705035.
Peru has implemented various strategies seeking to improve nutritional indicators in children under five years old. However, high prevalence of malnutrition in some regions still remains. The aim of this study was to assess changes in regional prevalence and to determine the presence of district conglomerates with a high prevalence of chronic childhood malnutrition (CCM) in 2010 and 2016.
A comparative descriptive analysis by regions and a district-level spatial analysis were conducted employing indicators reported by the Nutritional Status Information System.
23.9% (561.090/2.343.806) children under five years evaluated in Peru during 2010 and 18.0% (394.049/2.193.268) evaluated during 2016 were chronic malnutrition (reduction of 5.9 percentage points). We identified a decline of 7.6 percent points in rural areas and the persistence of prevalence above 30% in only one region (Huancavelica). The spatial analysis identified clusters of districts with high prevalence in 20% (379/1834) of Peruvian districts in 2010, and 17.2% (316/1834) of those in 2016, which are mainly spread across the sierra and jungle regions. .
Peru has made significant progress in reducing stunting in children. Nevertheless, it still represents a health problem due to high prevalence in the sierra region, as well as expansion to jungle districts in 2016.
秘鲁已实施多种战略，旨在改善五岁以下儿童的营养指标。然而，一些地区营养不良的高患病率仍然存在。本研究的目的是评估区域患病率的变化，并确定2010年和2016年存在慢性儿童营养不良（CCM）高患病率的地区集群。
利用营养状况信息系统报告的指标，进行了按地区的比较描述性分析和地区层面的空间分析。
2010年在秘鲁接受评估的五岁以下儿童中有23.9%（561,090/2,343,806）患有慢性营养不良，2016年接受评估的儿童中有18.0%（394,049/2,193,268）患有慢性营养不良（下降了5.9个百分点）。我们发现农村地区下降了7.6个百分点，只有一个地区（万卡韦利卡）的患病率持续高于30%。空间分析确定，2010年秘鲁20%（379/1834）的地区存在高患病率集群，2016年为17.2%（316/1834），这些集群主要分布在山区和丛林地区。
秘鲁在减少儿童发育迟缓方面取得了重大进展。然而，由于山区患病率高，以及2016年扩展到丛林地区，这仍然是一个健康问题。
