Teixeira Andrea Mariana Nunes da Costa, Luzia Liania Alves, de Souza Suelen Jorge, de Almeida Petrilli Aline, Pontilho Patrícia de Moraes, de Souza Jose Maria Pacheco, Segurado Aluísio Augusto Cotrim, Efraim Priscila, Picone Camila de Melo, Rondo Patrícia Helen de Carvalho
Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, University of Sao Paulo, Av. Dr Arnaldo, 715, São Paulo, SP 01246-904, Brazil.
Food Funct. 2017 Jun 21;8(6):2212-2219. doi: 10.1039/c6fo01681b.
An increase in the frequency of cardiovascular diseases has been observed in the HIV/AIDS population. Studies involving healthy subjects or subjects with other diseases have shown benefits of chocolate supplementation on endothelial function and vasodilation. We evaluate the impact of chocolate consumption on arterial elasticity in people living with human immunodeficiency virus - PLHIV. A double-blind, crossover trial including 110 PLHIV (19 to 59 years) on antiretroviral therapy - ART for at least 6 months and with a viral load of <500 copies per mL was conducted. All subjects were randomly assigned to 15-d dietary supplements containing dark chocolate or placebo with a 15-d washout period. Each participant received one of the two sequences: A (dark chocolate, placebo chocolate); B (placebo chocolate, dark chocolate). Arterial elasticity was measured using the HDI/PulseWave™ CR-2000 CardioVascular Profiling System®. Body composition, lipid profile, C-reactive protein, and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances were also assessed. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) for repeated measures using the Stata 11.0® program was used for cross-over analysis. Most subjects were men (59.0%) and Caucasian (46.1%) and the mean age was 44.6 ± 7.1 years. The mean time since diagnosis of HIV infection was 13.7 ± 5.3 years and the mean duration of ART was 12.9 ± 4.2 years. Chocolate consumption resulted in significant alterations in the large artery elasticity index - LAEI (p = 0.049) and the mean concentration of HDL-c was higher after supplementation with dark chocolate (p = 0.045). This is the first study to evaluate the effect of chocolate on arterial elasticity in PLHIV. The results showed that dark chocolate consumption for 15 days improved the elastic properties of the LAEI in PLHIV. These findings, added to the noninvasive method used, may expand the knowledge of CVDs in this population.
在感染艾滋病毒/艾滋病的人群中，心血管疾病的发病率有所上升。涉及健康受试者或患有其他疾病的受试者的研究表明，补充巧克力对内皮功能和血管舒张有益。我们评估了食用巧克力对感染人类免疫缺陷病毒的人（PLHIV）动脉弹性的影响。进行了一项双盲交叉试验，纳入了110名接受抗逆转录病毒治疗（ART）至少6个月且病毒载量<500拷贝/mL的PLHIV（年龄在19至59岁之间）。所有受试者被随机分配到含黑巧克力或安慰剂的15天膳食补充剂组，并设有15天的洗脱期。每位参与者接受两种序列之一：A（黑巧克力、安慰剂巧克力）；B（安慰剂巧克力、黑巧克力）。使用HDI/PulseWave™ CR - 2000心血管分析系统®测量动脉弹性。还评估了身体成分、血脂谱、C反应蛋白和硫代巴比妥酸反应物质。使用Stata 11.0®程序进行重复测量的方差分析（ANOVA）用于交叉分析。大多数受试者为男性（59.0%）且为白种人（46.1%），平均年龄为44.6±7.1岁。自诊断出感染艾滋病毒以来的平均时间为13.7±5.3年，ART的平均持续时间为12.9±4.2年。食用巧克力导致大动脉弹性指数（LAEI）发生显著变化（p = 0.049），补充黑巧克力后高密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL - c）的平均浓度更高（p = 0.045）。这是第一项评估巧克力对PLHIV动脉弹性影响的研究。结果表明，15天食用黑巧克力可改善PLHIV中LAEI的弹性特性。这些发现，加上所使用的非侵入性方法，可能会扩展对该人群心血管疾病的认识。
