Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, North Ryde, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia.
Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Macquarie University, North Ryde, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia; Macquarie University Centre for Energy and Environmental Contaminants, Macquarie University, North Ryde, Sydney, New South Wales 2109, Australia.
Sci Total Environ. 2017 Dec 1;599-600:1233-1240. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.05.044. Epub 2017 May 14.
This study examined the recycling of lead (Pb) in ash from wildfires, its source and potential contribution to environmental contamination. Ash from wildfires was collected from four Australian sites following uncontrolled fires during 2012 to 2013 close to major urban populations in Sydney (New South Wales), Hobart (Tasmania) and Adelaide (South Australia). The samples were analysed for their total Pb concentration and Pb isotopic composition to determine the sources of Pb and the extent, if any, of industrial contamination and its recycling into the ecosystem. Median ash concentrations (23mg/kg) released from a wildfire close to Australia's largest city, Sydney, exceeded the median ash Pb concentrations from wildfires from the less populated locations of Hobart, Adelaide and NSW Central Coast. Lead isotopic compositions of Duffys Forest wildfire ash demonstrate that anthropogenic inputs from legacy leaded petrol depositions were the predominant source of contamination. Despite the cessation of leaded petrol use in Australia in 2002, historic petrol Pb deposits continue to be a substantial source of contamination in ash: petrol Pb contributed 35% of the Pb in the Woy Woy ash, 73% in Duffys Forest ash, 39% in Forcett ash and 5% in Cherryville ash. The remobilisation of legacy industrial Pb depositions by wildfires in ash results in it being a persistent and problematic contaminant in contemporary environmental systems because of its known toxicity.
本研究考察了野火灰中铅（Pb）的循环利用、其来源以及对环境污染的潜在贡献。2012 年至 2013 年期间，在澳大利亚四个地点发生了不受控制的野火之后，从靠近悉尼（新南威尔士州）、霍巴特（塔斯马尼亚州）和阿德莱德（南澳大利亚州）主要城市人口的野火灰中采集了样本。对这些样本进行了总 Pb 浓度和 Pb 同位素组成分析，以确定 Pb 的来源，以及是否存在工业污染及其对生态系统的循环利用。在靠近澳大利亚最大城市悉尼的一场野火中释放的灰烬中，Pb 的中值浓度（23mg/kg）超过了在人口较少的霍巴特、阿德莱德和新南威尔士州中央海岸发生的野火中 Pb 中值浓度。达菲森林野火灰的 Pb 同位素组成表明，人为的含铅汽油沉积的输入是污染的主要来源。尽管澳大利亚已于 2002 年停止使用含铅汽油，但历史上的汽油 Pb 沉积物仍然是灰烬中大量污染的来源：汽油 Pb 对 Woy Woy 灰烬中 Pb 的贡献率为 35%，对达菲森林灰烬中 Pb 的贡献率为 73%，对福塞特灰烬中 Pb 的贡献率为 39%，对樱桃谷灰烬中 Pb 的贡献率为 5%。野火将遗留的工业 Pb 沉积物重新迁移到灰烬中，导致其成为当代环境系统中一种持久且存在问题的污染物，因为其已知的毒性。
