Leão Célia, Botelho Ana, Martins Elisabete, Aguiar Carla, Rebelo Inês, Nunes Telmo, Bexiga Ricardo
Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária,I.P. (INIAV, I.P.),Unidade Estratégica de Investigação e Serviços em Produção e Saúde Animal,Rua General Morais Sarmento,1500-311 Lisboa,Portugal.
InVivoNSA Portugal S. A.,Zona industrial de Murtede,3060-372 Murtede - Cantanhede,Portugal.
J Dairy Res. 2017 May;84(2):124-127. doi: 10.1017/S0022029917000164.
This Technical Research communication describes results of a study aimed at detecting the presence of Map in milk fed to calves, and identifying possible risk factors for that presence. A questionnaire was performed on 37 dairy farms and waste milk samples were collected on 3 occasions separated by a minimum of 1 week. For farms not feeding waste milk, bulk tank milk samples were collected instead. A real time PCR for the detection of the IS900 sequence was performed for the detection of Map. A majority of farms (89·2%) fed waste milk, with only one pasteurising the milk before feeding it to calves. Results of the PCR showed that 51·5% of the farms that were feeding waste milk had a positive result for Map on that milk. None of the studied risk factors were significantly associated with the presence of Map in milk samples, possibly due to the small number of farms entering the study. However, the prevalence of positive samples for Map on PCR was 3·5 times higher for farms that bought in animals from a single origin and 1·9 times higher for farms that bought from multiple farms, when compared with closed farms. Having a calving area for multiple cows also increased the risk of a positive Map result by 1·5 when compared with single pens. The risk of having a positive Map result on waste milk was 1·6 times higher for farms feeding that milk to male calves and 1·4 for farms feeding to both male and female calves, when compared with farms not feeding waste milk. This study highlights paratuberculosis as one of the potential risks of feeding waste milk to calves, and the need for mitigation strategies to be in place to avoid unnecessary disease transmission.
本技术研究通讯描述了一项旨在检测喂给犊牛的牛奶中副结核分枝杆菌（Map）的存在，并确定其存在的可能风险因素的研究结果。对37个奶牛场进行了问卷调查，并在至少相隔1周的3个时间段采集了废奶样本。对于不喂废奶的农场，则采集了储奶罐中的牛奶样本。采用实时PCR检测IS900序列以检测Map。大多数农场（89.2%）喂废奶，只有一个农场在将牛奶喂给犊牛之前进行了巴氏杀菌。PCR结果显示，在喂废奶的农场中，51.5%的农场的牛奶中Map检测呈阳性。所研究的风险因素均与牛奶样本中Map的存在无显著关联，这可能是由于参与研究的农场数量较少。然而，与封闭式农场相比，从单一来源购买动物的农场中Map PCR阳性样本的患病率高出3.5倍，从多个农场购买动物的农场高出1.9倍。与单栏相比，有多头奶牛产犊区域的农场Map检测呈阳性的风险也增加了1.5倍。与不喂废奶的农场相比，将废奶喂给雄性犊牛的农场废奶中Map检测呈阳性的风险高出1.6倍，将废奶喂给雄性和雌性犊牛的农场高出1.4倍。本研究强调了副结核病是将废奶喂给犊牛的潜在风险之一，以及需要制定缓解策略以避免不必要的疾病传播。
