Selective removal of toxic Cr(VI) from aqueous solution by adsorption combined with reduction at a magnetic nanocomposite surface.

The adsorption of toxic hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) and its reduction to trivalent chromium (Cr(III)) are important processes for the treatment of industrial wastewater. Conducting polymers can adsorb and reduce Cr(VI) to less toxic Cr(III) but have low adsorption capacities due to agglomeration of particles and are difficult to separate from treated water. In this study, magnetic polypyrrole (PPy)-polyaniline (PANI)/iron oxide (FeO) nanocomposite was synthesized for the selective removal of Cr(VI) in aqueous solution. PPy-PANI/FeO nanocomposite was characterized using various techniques including ATR-FTIR, FE-SEM, HR-TEM, EDX, TGA, XRD, VSM and XPS analyses. PPy-PANI/FeO nanocomposite (0.05g) removed 99% of Cr(VI) from aqueous solution (100mg/L, pH 2). Speciation studies confirmed Cr(VI) adsorption and reduction to Cr(III) by the PPy-PANI/FeO nanocomposite in solutions with initial pH of 2 and 3 and that no Cr(VI) reduction occurred at pH values of 4 and above. The Langmuir maximum adsorption capacity for Cr(VI) removal by PPy-PANI/FeO nanocomposite at pH 2 was 303mg/g at 25°C. PPy-PANI/FeO nanocomposite was highly selective for Cr(VI) removal and could be used for three consecutive treatment cycles without loss of adsorption capacity. Moreover, the magnetic nanocomposite could be separated from the reaction fluid using an external magnet. PPy-PANI/FeO nanocomposite is therefore a promising magnetic adsorbent for the treatment of industrial wastewater.