O'Reilly Gillian A, Black David S, Huh Jimi, Davis Jaimie N, Unger Jennifer, Spruijt-Metz Donna
J Acad Nutr Diet. 2017 Jul;117(7):1041-1048. doi: 10.1016/j.jand.2017.03.025. Epub 2017 May 18.
The impact of sugar restriction on subsequent sugar intake by overweight adolescents is unknown.
Our aim was to examine the effect of sugar restriction on subsequent ad libitum sugar intake by overweight adolescents and whether habitual sugar intake and impulsivity influence the effect of sugar restriction on subsequent sugar intake.
This was an in-laboratory crossover feeding trial with sugar-exposure and sugar-restriction conditions.
PARTICIPANTS/SETTING: Eighty-seven overweight Latino and African-American adolescents underwent both meal conditions in two separate 8-hour in-laboratory visits.
Participants had access to ad libitum snack trays for 3 hours after the condition-specific meals.
Ad libitum sugar intake during the snack period was measured at each visit. Habitual sugar intake and impulsivity were assessed at baseline.
Repeated measures analysis of covariance was used to examine the within-person effect of meal condition on ad libitum sugar intake. Mixed models were used to examine the moderating effects of habitual sugar intake and impulsivity on the meal condition-ad libitum sugar intake relationship.
Participants consumed more ad libitum sugar during the snack period in the sugar-restriction condition than in the sugar-exposure condition (sugar restriction=78.63±38.84 g, sugar exposure=70.86±37.73 g; F=9.64, P=0.002). There was no relationship between habitual sugar intake and how much ad libitum sugar participants consumed during either condition. Higher impulsivity was associated with greater ad libitum sugar intake during both conditions (sugar restriction: b=.029, standard error=.01, P<0.05; sugar exposure: b=.034, standard error=.01, P<0.05).
Findings suggest that overweight adolescents restricted from sugar intake consume greater amounts of sugar when they are later given access to high-sugar foods. Overweight adolescents with higher impulsivity appear to consume greater amounts of sugar regardless of previous levels of sugar consumption. Compensatory sugar intake and trait impulsivity may have implications for dietary interventions in this population.
限制糖分摄入对超重青少年随后的糖分摄入量的影响尚不清楚。
我们的目的是研究限制糖分摄入对超重青少年随后随意糖分摄入量的影响，以及习惯性糖分摄入量和冲动性是否会影响限制糖分摄入对随后糖分摄入量的影响。
这是一项在实验室进行的交叉喂养试验，包括糖分暴露和糖分限制条件。
参与者/地点：87名超重的拉丁裔和非裔美国青少年在两次单独的8小时实验室访问中接受了两种饮食条件。
参与者在特定饮食条件后的3小时内可随意取用零食托盘。
每次访问时测量零食期间的随意糖分摄入量。在基线时评估习惯性糖分摄入量和冲动性。
采用重复测量协方差分析来检验饮食条件对随意糖分摄入量的个体内效应。使用混合模型来检验习惯性糖分摄入量和冲动性对饮食条件与随意糖分摄入量关系的调节作用。
在限制糖分摄入条件下，参与者在零食期间摄入的随意糖分比在糖分暴露条件下更多（限制糖分摄入=78.63±38.84克，糖分暴露=70.86±37.73克；F=9.64，P=0.002）。习惯性糖分摄入量与参与者在任何一种条件下摄入的随意糖分数量之间均无关联。在两种条件下，较高的冲动性都与更多的随意糖分摄入相关（限制糖分摄入：b=0.029，标准误=0.01，P<0.05；糖分暴露：b=0.034，标准误=0.01，P<0.05）。
研究结果表明，被限制糖分摄入的超重青少年在后来能够获取高糖食物时会摄入更多的糖分。冲动性较高的超重青少年似乎无论之前的糖分摄入量如何，都会摄入更多的糖分。代偿性糖分摄入和特质冲动性可能对该人群的饮食干预具有启示意义。
