Toffalini Enrico, Tomasi Elisa, Albano Donatella, Cornoldi Cesare
a Department of General Psychology , University of Padua , Padua , Italy.
Child Neuropsychol. 2018 Jul;24(5):671-685. doi: 10.1080/09297049.2017.1329411. Epub 2017 May 22.
It has been suggested that children with dyslexia have difficulties in visual-phonological working memory (WM) binding, supporting the hypothesis that this ability is crucial in the formation of associations between written forms and phonological codes required by reading. However, research on this topic is currently scarce and has not clarified to what extent binding may be supported by spatial and temporal information. The present study examined visual-phonological WM binding performance in a group of children with dyslexia compared to a control group of typically developing children matched for age, gender, and grade. Children had to memorize ephemeral associations between meaningless shapes and nonwords, with stimuli presented in either fixed or variable spatial locations, and in either fixed or variable temporal order across trials; performance was assessed using a recognition task. Results showed that children with dyslexia have a deficit in visual-phonological WM binding in every presentation condition and that, unlike control children, they are not able to use fixed spatial locations as an aid to bind information. Crucially, however, children with dyslexia still benefit from the presentation of stimuli in a fixed temporal order. These findings support the hypothesis that a WM binding deficit is crucial in children with dyslexia, and have potential implications for treatment strategies.
有人提出，患有诵读困难症的儿童在视觉-语音工作记忆（WM）绑定方面存在困难，这支持了一种假设，即这种能力在阅读所需的书面形式与语音代码之间的关联形成中至关重要。然而，目前关于这个主题的研究很少，并且尚未阐明绑定在多大程度上可能得到空间和时间信息的支持。本研究考察了一组患有诵读困难症的儿童与一组年龄、性别和年级相匹配的发育正常的对照组儿童的视觉-语音WM绑定表现。儿童必须记住无意义形状与非单词之间的短暂关联，刺激以固定或可变的空间位置呈现，并且在不同试验中以固定或可变的时间顺序呈现；使用识别任务评估表现。结果表明，患有诵读困难症的儿童在每种呈现条件下的视觉-语音WM绑定方面都存在缺陷，并且与对照组儿童不同，他们无法利用固定的空间位置来辅助绑定信息。然而，至关重要的是，患有诵读困难症的儿童仍然受益于以固定时间顺序呈现刺激。这些发现支持了WM绑定缺陷对患有诵读困难症的儿童至关重要这一假设，并对治疗策略具有潜在影响。
