Ilkhanizadeh Behrooz, Zarei Leila, Farhad Negin, Bahrami-Bukani Mehran, Mohammadi Rahim
Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran.
Department of Anatomical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
Injury. 2017 Jul;48(7):1480-1485. doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2017.05.015. Epub 2017 May 11.
Employment of regenerative properties of cells at the service of nerve repair has been initiated during recent decades. Effects of local transplantation of bone marrow-derived mast cells on peripheral nerve regeneration were studied using a rat sciatic nerve transection model.
A 10-mm sciatic nerve defect was bridged using a conduit chitosan-based hybrid conduit filled with BMMCs in BMMC group. In positive control group (Pos), the conduit was filled with phosphate-buffered saline alone. The regenerated nerve fibers were studied within 12 weeks after surgery. In sham-operated group, the sciatic nerve was only exposed and manipulated. In negative control (Neg) a 10-mm sciatic nerve defect was created and the nerve stumps were sutured to the adjacent muscles. The regenerated nerve fibers were studied functionally, biomechanically, histologically and immunohiscochemically.
Functional and biomechanical studies confirmed faster recovery of regenerated axons in BMMCs transplanted animals compared to Pos group (p<0.05). Morphometric indices of the regenerated fibers showed that the number and diameter of the myelinated fibers were significantly higher in BMMCs transplanted animals than in Pos group (p<0.05). In immunohistochemistry, location of reactions to S-100 in BMMCs transplanted animals was clearly more positive than that in Pos group.
BMMCs transplantation could be considered as a readily accessible source of cells that could improve functional recovery of transected sciatic nerve.
近几十年来，人们开始利用细胞的再生特性来促进神经修复。本研究采用大鼠坐骨神经横断模型，探讨局部移植骨髓源性肥大细胞对周围神经再生的影响。
在骨髓源性肥大细胞（BMMC）组中，使用填充有BMMC的壳聚糖基混合导管桥接10毫米的坐骨神经缺损。在阳性对照组（Pos）中，导管仅填充磷酸盐缓冲盐水。术后12周内对再生神经纤维进行研究。在假手术组中，仅暴露和操作坐骨神经。在阴性对照组（Neg）中，制造10毫米的坐骨神经缺损，并将神经残端缝合到相邻肌肉上。对再生神经纤维进行功能、生物力学、组织学和免疫组织化学研究。
功能和生物力学研究证实，与Pos组相比，移植BMMC的动物再生轴突恢复更快（p<0.05）。再生纤维的形态学指标显示，移植BMMC的动物中髓鞘化纤维的数量和直径显著高于Pos组（p<0.05）。在免疫组织化学中，移植BMMC的动物对S-100的反应定位明显比Pos组更阳性。
BMMC移植可被视为一种易于获取的细胞来源，可改善横断坐骨神经的功能恢复。
