Kroener Lindsay, Dumesic Daniel, Al-Safi Zain
Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA.
Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol. 2017 Aug;29(4):195-201. doi: 10.1097/GCO.0000000000000370.
There is increasing use of fertility medications for ovulation induction and ovarian stimulation for in-vitro fertilization in the treatment of female infertility. In this review, recent literature regarding the association between fertility medication and cancer risk is reviewed.
Several important publications have recently addressed the relationship between use of fertility medications and cancer risk. There are methodological limitations to many of these studies, including unique challenges in studying rare cancers that often develop several years after the time of fertility medication exposure. Although infertility per se is a risk factor for some female cancers, including breast, endometrial and ovarian cancer, most studies do not show a significant risk of these cancers with the use of fertility medications. Some studies, however, have shown a possible increased relative risk of borderline ovarian cancer, although the increased absolute risk is small without a clear causal relationship.
The collective data regarding the risk of developing cancer from use of fertility medications are reassuring, although several methodological issues in these studies limit definitive conclusions.
在女性不孕症治疗中，促排卵药物和用于体外受精的卵巢刺激药物的使用越来越多。在本综述中，对近期有关促孕药物与癌症风险之间关联的文献进行了综述。
近期有几篇重要的出版物探讨了促孕药物的使用与癌症风险之间的关系。其中许多研究存在方法学上的局限性，包括在研究通常在接触促孕药物数年之后才发生的罕见癌症时面临的独特挑战。尽管不孕本身是某些女性癌症（包括乳腺癌、子宫内膜癌和卵巢癌）的一个风险因素，但大多数研究并未显示使用促孕药物会显著增加患这些癌症的风险。然而，一些研究表明，交界性卵巢癌的相对风险可能会增加，尽管绝对风险增加幅度较小且因果关系不明确。
关于使用促孕药物导致患癌风险的总体数据令人安心，尽管这些研究中的几个方法学问题限制了得出明确结论。
