Pereira Thayse Steffen, Oliveira Fabiana de, Cardoso Maria Cristina de Almeida Freitas
Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre - UFCSPA - Porto Alegre (RS), Brasil.
Codas. 2017 May 15;29(3):e20150301. doi: 10.1590/2317-1782/20172015301.
To verify the occurrence and associate the presence and duration of harmful oral habits with the structures and functions of the stomatognathic system.
This is a cross-sectional, exploratory study. Participants' participation was formalized by the signing of an Informed Consent Form. The non-probabilistic sample comprised 289 children aged one to 12 years assisted at a Family Health Strategy unit. The data were obtained through a questionnaire to identify harmful oral habits applied to the children's parents and/or guardians. The results were considered at 5% level of significance. The statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS 19.0 software and the chi-squared association test was employed to investigate the categorical variables.
The breastfeeding rate found was 85%; however, only 32.4% of the children were exclusively breastfed until six months of age. The most prevalent habits and those currently maintained were use of conventional bottle (28.62%) and conventional pacifier (23.18%). Significant correlation (p=0.001) was found between keeping the mouth open and oral and oronasal breathing. The presence of habits such as using orthodontic bottle (p=0.016) and orthodontic pacifier (p=0.001) was associated with the breathing mode reported. Habit duration was associated with the perception of changes in speech (p=0.046) and with malocclusion (p=0.014).
The presence and duration of harmful oral habits were associated with the perception of changes in the structures and functions of the stomatognathic system regarding occlusion, breathing, and speech, accounting for a significant portion of the demand for rehabilitation.
验证有害口腔习惯的发生情况，并将其存在及持续时间与口颌系统的结构和功能相关联。
这是一项横断面探索性研究。参与者通过签署知情同意书正式参与研究。非概率样本包括在家庭健康战略单位接受治疗的289名1至12岁儿童。通过向儿童的父母和/或监护人发放问卷来获取数据，以识别有害口腔习惯。结果以5%的显著性水平进行考量。使用SPSS 19.0软件进行统计分析，并采用卡方关联检验来研究分类变量。
发现母乳喂养率为85%；然而，只有32.4%的儿童纯母乳喂养至6个月大。最普遍且目前仍存在的习惯是使用传统奶瓶（28.62%）和传统安抚奶嘴（23.18%）。发现张口与口腔及口鼻呼吸之间存在显著相关性（p = 0.001）。使用正畸奶瓶（p = 0.016）和正畸安抚奶嘴（p = 0.001）等习惯的存在与所报告的呼吸模式相关。习惯持续时间与言语变化感知（p = 0.046）和错颌畸形（p = 0.014）相关。
有害口腔习惯的存在及持续时间与口颌系统在咬合、呼吸和言语方面的结构和功能变化感知相关，这在康复需求中占很大比例。
