Lyra Larissa, Rizzo Luiz Eduardo, Sunahara Camila Sá, Pachito Daniela Vianna, Latorraca Carolina de Oliveira Cruz, Martimbianco Ana Luiza Cabrera, Riera Rachel
Undergraduate Medical Student, Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp), São Paulo (SP), Brazil.
MD, MSc. Neurologist; Postgraduate Student, Evidence-Based Health Program, Universidade Federal de São Paulo (Unifesp), São Paulo (SP), Brazil; and Assistant Researcher at Cochrane Brazil, São Paulo (SP), Brazil.
Sao Paulo Med J. 2017 Mar-Apr;135(2):192-201. doi: 10.1590/1516-3180.2017.0058200317.
: Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) include autistic disorder, Asperger's disorder and pervasive developmental disorder. The manifestations of ASDs can have an important impact on learning and social functioning that may persist during adulthood. The aim here was to summarize the evidence from Cochrane systematic reviews on interventions for ASDs.
: Review of systematic reviews, conducted within the Discipline of Evidence-Based Medicine, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo.
: We included and summarized the results from Cochrane systematic reviews on interventions for ASDs.
: Seventeen reviews were included. These found weak evidence of benefits from acupuncture, gluten and casein-free diets, early intensive behavioral interventions, music therapy, parent-mediated early interventions, social skill groups, Theory of Mind cognitive model, aripiprazole, risperidone, tricyclic antidepressants and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRI); this last only for adults. No benefits were found for sound therapies, chelating agents, hyperbaric oxygen therapy, omega-3, secretin, vitamin B6/magnesium and SSRI for children.
: Acupuncture, gluten and casein-free diets, early intensive behavioral interventions, music therapy, parent-mediated early interventions, social skill groups and the Theory of Mind cognitive model seem to have benefits for patients with autism spectrum disorders (very low to low-quality evidence). Aripiprazole, risperidone, tricyclic antidepressants and SSRI (this last only for adults) also showed some benefits, although associated with higher risk of adverse events. Experimental studies to confirm a link between probable therapies and the disease, and then high-quality long-term clinical trials, are needed.
自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）包括自闭症、阿斯伯格综合征和广泛性发育障碍。ASD的表现可能对学习和社交功能产生重要影响，且这种影响可能持续至成年期。本文旨在总结Cochrane系统评价中关于ASD干预措施的证据。
圣保罗联邦大学保罗医科大学循证医学学科进行的系统评价综述。
我们纳入并总结了Cochrane系统评价中关于ASD干预措施的结果。
共纳入17篇综述。这些综述发现，针刺疗法、无麸质和无酪蛋白饮食、早期密集行为干预、音乐疗法、家长介导的早期干预、社交技能小组、心理理论认知模型、阿立哌唑、利培酮、三环类抗抑郁药和选择性5-羟色胺再摄取抑制剂（SSRI，仅适用于成年人）的益处证据薄弱；儿童使用声音疗法、螯合剂、高压氧疗法、ω-3、促胰液素、维生素B6/镁和SSRI未发现有益效果。
针刺疗法、无麸质和无酪蛋白饮食、早期密集行为干预、音乐疗法、家长介导的早期干预、社交技能小组和心理理论认知模型似乎对自闭症谱系障碍患者有益（证据质量极低至低）。阿立哌唑、利培酮、三环类抗抑郁药和SSRI（仅适用于成年人）也显示出一些益处，尽管不良事件风险较高。需要进行实验研究以证实可能的治疗方法与疾病之间的联系，然后开展高质量的长期临床试验。
