Boboshko M Yu, Golovanova L E, Zhilinskaia E V, Ogorodnikova E A
Laboratory of hearing and speech of First Pavlov State Medical University, Saint-Petersburg, 197022, Russian Federation;
Municipal Audiology Center, Saint-Petersburg Geriatric Medico-social center, Saint-Petersburg, 190103, Russian Federation.
Adv Gerontol. 2016;29(4):663-669.
The results of studying the features of auditory perception of speech stimuli in aged patients with hearing loss are presented in the article. 145 patients with moderate to severe sensorineural hearing loss from 52 to 90 years old underwent the tonal threshold audiometry and the tests battery to evaluate central auditory pathways functioning: the gap detection test, frequency difference limens, masking level difference, dichotic digits test. After analyzing speech discrimination scores of monosyllable words in quiet and in noise significantly worse results of all listeners in comparison with listeners with normal hearing are revealed; the deterioration of speech discrimination scores depending on age is noted. The impairment of speech discrimination is maximal when the speech stimuli are presented in background noise. Direct correlation between the deterioration of speech discrimination and the degree of hearing loss, it's duration, the presence of central auditory pathways dysfunction was ascertained.
本文介绍了对老年听力损失患者言语刺激听觉感知特征的研究结果。145名年龄在52至90岁之间的中度至重度感音神经性听力损失患者接受了音调阈值听力测定和评估中枢听觉通路功能的测试组合:间隙检测测试、频率差异阈、掩蔽级差、双耳数字测试。分析安静和噪声环境下单音节词的言语辨别分数后发现,与听力正常的听众相比,所有听众的结果明显更差;注意到言语辨别分数随年龄的恶化情况。当言语刺激在背景噪声中呈现时,言语辨别受损最大。确定了言语辨别恶化与听力损失程度、其持续时间、中枢听觉通路功能障碍之间的直接相关性。