Barros Ivaldete Tijolin, Ceccon Juliana Parolin, Glinski Andressa, Liebel Samuel, Grötzner Sonia Regina, Randi Marco Antonio Ferreira, Benedito Evanilde, Ortolani-Machado Claudia Feijó, Filipak Neto Francisco, de Oliveira Ribeiro Ciro Alberto
Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Comparada, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo, 5790, CEP: 87.020-900, Maringá, PR, Brazil.
Departamento de Biologia Celular, Universidade Federal do Paraná, CEP 81.531-980, Curitiba, PR, 19031, Brazil.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2017 Jul;24(19):16228-16240. doi: 10.1007/s11356-017-9186-z. Epub 2017 May 24.
In the current study, water quality of five river sites in Parana River basin (Brazil), utilized for public water supply, was assessed through a set of biomarkers in fish Astyanax spp. Population growth and inadequate use of land are challenges to the preservation of biodiversity and resources such as water. Some physicochemical parameters as well as somatic indexes, gills and liver histopathology, genotoxicity, and biochemical biomarkers were evaluated. The highest gonadosomatic index (GSI) and antioxidant parameters (catalase and glutathione S-transferase activities, non-protein thiols), as well as the lowest damage to biomolecules (lipid peroxidation, protein carbonylation, DNA damage) were observed in site 0 (Piava River), which is located at an environmental protected area. Site 1, located in the same river, but downstream site 0 and outside the protection area, presents some level of impact. Fish from site 2 (Antas River), which lack of riparian forest and suffer from silting, presented the highest micronucleus incidence and no melanomacrophages. Differently, individuals from site 3 (Xambrê River) and site 4 (Pinhalzinho River) which receive surface runoff from Umuarama city, urban and industrial sewage, have the highest incidences of liver and gill histopathological alterations, including neoplasia, which indicated the worst health conditions of all sites. In particular, site 4 had high levels of total nitrogen and ammonia, high turbidity, and very low oxygen levels, which indicate important chemical impact. Comparison of the biomarkers in fish allowed classification of the five sites in terms of environmental impact and revealed that sites 3 and 4 had particular poor water quality.
在当前研究中，通过对巴西巴拉那河流域5个用于公共供水的河流水质进行评估，这些河流水质是利用鱼类阿氏南美脂鲤的一组生物标志物来评估的。人口增长和土地利用不当是保护生物多样性和水资源等资源面临的挑战。评估了一些理化参数以及体细胞指数、鳃和肝脏组织病理学、遗传毒性和生化生物标志物。在位于环境保护区的0号站点（皮亚瓦河）观察到最高的性腺指数（GSI）和抗氧化参数（过氧化氢酶和谷胱甘肽S-转移酶活性、非蛋白硫醇），以及对生物分子的最低损伤（脂质过氧化、蛋白质羰基化、DNA损伤）。位于同一条河流但在0号站点下游且不在保护区内的1号站点存在一定程度的影响。来自2号站点（安塔斯河）的鱼类，该站点缺乏河岸森林且遭受淤积，呈现出最高的微核发生率且没有黑色素巨噬细胞。不同的是，来自3号站点（桑布雷河）和4号站点（皮尼亚尔辛霍河）的个体接收来自乌马兰马市的地表径流、城市和工业污水，其肝脏和鳃组织病理学改变的发生率最高，包括肿瘤形成，这表明所有站点中其健康状况最差。特别是，4号站点总氮和氨含量高、浊度高且氧气水平极低，这表明存在重要的化学影响。通过比较鱼类中的生物标志物，对这5个站点的环境影响进行了分类，结果表明3号和4号站点的水质特别差。
