Carra Silvia, Sangiorgio Lorenzo, Pelucchi Paride, Cermenati Solei, Mezzelani Alessandra, Martino Valentina, Palizban Mira, Albertini Alberto, Götte Martin, Kehler James, Deflorian Gianluca, Beltrame Monica, Giordano Antonio, Reinbold Rolland, Cotelli Franco, Bellipanni Gianfranco, Zucchi Ileana
Dipartimento di Bioscienze, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy.
Istituto di Tecnologie Biomediche, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Segrate-Milano, Italy.
J Cell Physiol. 2018 Feb;233(2):1455-1467. doi: 10.1002/jcp.26032. Epub 2017 Jul 4.
During embryonic development, new arteries, and veins form from preexisting vessels in response to specific angiogenic signals. Angiogenic signaling is complex since not all endothelial cells exposed to angiogenic signals respond equally. Some cells will be selected to become tip cells and acquire migration and proliferation capacity necessary for vessel growth while others, the stalk cells become trailer cells that stay connected with pre-existing vessels and act as a linkage to new forming vessels. Additionally, stalk and tip cells have the capacity to interchange their roles. Stalk and tip cellular responses are mediated in part by the interactions of components of the Delta/Notch and Vegf signaling pathways. We have identified in zebrafish, that the transmembrane protein Tmem230a is a novel regulator of angiogenesis by its capacity to regulate the number of the endothelial cells in intersegmental vessels by co-operating with the Delta/Notch signaling pathway. Modulation of Tmem230a expression by itself is sufficient to rescue improper number of endothelial cells induced by aberrant expression or inhibition of the activity of genes associated with the Dll4/Notch pathway in zebrafish. Therefore, Tmem230a may have a modulatory role in vessel-network formation and growth. As the Tmem230 sequence is conserved in human, Tmem230 may represent a promising novel target for drug discovery and for disease therapy and regenerative medicine in promoting or restricting angiogenesis.
在胚胎发育过程中,新的动脉和静脉会根据特定的血管生成信号,由预先存在的血管形成。血管生成信号是复杂的,因为并非所有暴露于血管生成信号的内皮细胞都会做出同等反应。一些细胞会被选择成为尖端细胞,并获得血管生长所需的迁移和增殖能力,而其他细胞,即柄细胞,则成为尾随细胞,与预先存在的血管保持连接,并作为新形成血管的连接点。此外,柄细胞和尖端细胞有能力互换它们的角色。柄细胞和尖端细胞的反应部分是由Delta/Notch和Vegf信号通路的成分相互作用介导的。我们在斑马鱼中发现,跨膜蛋白Tmem230a是一种新型的血管生成调节因子,它通过与Delta/Notch信号通路合作来调节节间血管中内皮细胞的数量。单独调节Tmem230a的表达足以挽救斑马鱼中由与Dll4/Notch通路相关基因的异常表达或活性抑制所诱导的内皮细胞数量不当的情况。因此,Tmem230a可能在血管网络的形成和生长中具有调节作用。由于Tmem230序列在人类中是保守的,Tmem230可能代表了一个有前景的新型靶点,可用于药物研发以及疾病治疗和再生医学中促进或限制血管生成。