Department of Kinesiology, Recreation and Sports Studies, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee, USA.
Department of Clinical and Applied Movement Sciences, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, Florida, USA.
J Diabetes. 2018 Feb;10(2):166-178. doi: 10.1111/1753-0407.12574. Epub 2017 Jul 4.
It is well known physical activity (PA) plays a role in the prevention of type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, the extent to which PA may affect T2D risk among different race-ethnic groups is unknown. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to systematically examine the effect modification of race-ethnicity on PA and T2D.
The PubMed and Embase databases were systematically searched through June 2016. Study assessment for inclusion was conducted in three phases: title review (n = 13 022), abstract review (n = 2200), and full text review (n = 265). In all, 27 studies met the inclusion criteria and were used in the analysis. Relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were extracted and analyzed using Comprehensive Meta-Analysis software. All analyses used a random-effects model.
A significant protective summary RR, comparing the most active group with the least active PA group, was found for non-Hispanic White (RR 0.71, 95% CI 0.60-0.85), Asians (RR 0.76, 95% CI 0.67-0.85), Hispanics (RR 0.75, 95% CI 0.64-0.89), and American Indians (RR 0.73, 95% CI 0.60-0.88). The summary effect for non-Hispanic Blacks (RR 0.91, 95% CI 0.76-1.08) was not significant.
The results of the present study indicate that PA (comparing most to least active groups) provides significant protection from T2D, with the exception of non-Hispanic Blacks. The results also indicate a need for race-ethnicity-specific reporting of RRs in prospective cohort studies that incorporate multiethnic samples.
众所周知，身体活动（PA）在预防 2 型糖尿病（T2D）方面发挥着作用。然而，PA 对不同种族群体的 T2D 风险的影响程度尚不清楚。因此，本研究的目的是系统地研究种族对 PA 和 T2D 之间关系的修饰作用。
通过 2016 年 6 月对 PubMed 和 Embase 数据库进行了系统检索。研究评估包括三个阶段：标题审查（n=13022）、摘要审查（n=2200）和全文审查（n=265）。共有 27 项研究符合纳入标准并用于分析。使用 Comprehensive Meta-Analysis 软件提取并分析相对风险（RR）和 95%置信区间（CI）。所有分析均采用随机效应模型。
与最不活跃的 PA 组相比，非西班牙裔白人（RR 0.71，95%CI 0.60-0.85）、亚洲人（RR 0.76，95%CI 0.67-0.85）、西班牙裔人（RR 0.75，95%CI 0.64-0.89）和美洲印第安人（RR 0.73，95%CI 0.60-0.88）的保护作用具有显著统计学意义。非西班牙裔黑人（RR 0.91，95%CI 0.76-1.08）的汇总效应不显著。
本研究结果表明，PA（与最活跃组相比）对 T2D 有显著的保护作用，非西班牙裔黑人除外。研究结果还表明，需要在包含多种族样本的前瞻性队列研究中按种族/族裔报告 RR，以确保报告的结果具有种族/族裔特异性。
