Gido Keith B, Matthews William J
Department of Zoology, 73019, Norman, Oklahoma, USA.
Sam Noble Oklahoma Museum of Natural History, University of Oklahoma Biological Station, 2401 Chautauqua, 73012-7029, Norman, OK, USA.
Oecologia. 2001 Jan;126(2):247-253. doi: 10.1007/s004420000505. Epub 2001 Jan 1.
We used red shiner (Cyprinella lutrensis) as a model to examine ecosystem effects of water column stream minnows (Cyprinidae) in experimental streams. Benthic primary productivity, benthic invertebrate abundance, water column nutrient concentrations, size distribution of benthic particulate organic matter (BPOM), and sedimentation rates were measured across a range of fish densities (0-26.6 fish m) over a 35-day period. In addition, effects of fish density on algal standing crop and benthic invertebrates in experimental streams were examined over a longer time span (156 and 203 days). After 35 days, benthic primary productivity was positively associated with fish density, with an approximate three-fold increase in productivity between experimental streams stocked with no fish and those with 26.6 fish m. No effects on other ecosystem properties were detected after 35 days. Additionally, there was no effect on algal standing crop after 156 or 203 days and no effect on benthic invertebrates after 203 days. Because red shiners fed primarily on terrestrial insects, this experiment suggests that water column minnows can affect primary productivity in streams by transporting nutrients from terrestrial sources to the benthic compartment of the ecosystem. However, this effect may only be important in streams or during periods when nutrients are limiting.
我们以红睛灯鱼（Cyprinella lutrensis）为模型，在实验溪流中研究了水柱层溪流米诺鱼（鲤科）对生态系统的影响。在35天的时间里，我们测量了一系列鱼类密度（0 - 26.6条鱼/平方米）下的底栖初级生产力、底栖无脊椎动物丰度、水柱层养分浓度、底栖颗粒有机物（BPOM）的大小分布以及沉积速率。此外，我们在更长的时间跨度（156天和203天）内研究了鱼类密度对实验溪流中藻类现存量和底栖无脊椎动物的影响。35天后，底栖初级生产力与鱼类密度呈正相关，在无鱼放养的实验溪流和每平方米放养26.6条鱼的溪流之间，生产力大约增加了两倍。35天后未检测到对其他生态系统属性的影响。此外，156天或203天后对藻类现存量没有影响，203天后对底栖无脊椎动物也没有影响。由于红睛灯鱼主要以陆生昆虫为食，该实验表明水柱层米诺鱼可以通过将养分从陆地来源输送到生态系统的底栖部分，从而影响溪流中的初级生产力。然而，这种影响可能仅在溪流中或养分有限的时期才重要。
