Nazeri Saeed, Zakeri Sedigheh, Mehrizi Akram Abouie, Djadid Navid Dinparast
Malaria and Vector Research Group (MVRG), Biotechnology Research Center (BRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
Malaria and Vector Research Group (MVRG), Biotechnology Research Center (BRC), Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
Acta Trop. 2017 Sep;173:45-54. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2017.05.026. Epub 2017 May 23.
A key tool for the control, elimination, and eradication of Plasmodium vivax is the development of an effective vaccine. The thrombospondin-related adhesion protein (TRAP) is one of the major sporozoite antigens that plays an important role in the invasion of mosquito salivary glands and hepatocytes by sporozoites. The main goal of this study was to evaluate the naturally acquired antibodies to the P. vivax TRAP (PvTRAP) in patients from malaria-endemic areas of Iran (n=116), Afghanistan (n=50), and Pakistan (n=50). The PvTRAP gene was expressed in Escherichia coli Rosetta (DE3)-pET23a and used as antigen in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The profile of immunoglobulin G (IgG) isotype and the avidity of IgG, IgG1, and IgG3 to PvTRAP, as well as the association between anti-PvTRAP isotype responses and host age were evaluated. Only 42.24% of Iranian, 38% of Afghani, and 44% of Pakistani patients infected with P. vivax had positive anti-PvTRAP IgG, and the prevalence of responders in the three countries did not differ significantly (P>0.05). Moreover, the prevalence of IgG1 and IgG3 antibody responses to PvTRAP showed no significant correlation with age (P>0.05). Individuals exposed to vivax malaria in the unstable malaria transmission areas are able to produce antibodies to the TRAP antigen at all ages in response to P. vivax infections. Finally, the presence of mature IgG1 and IgG3 antibodies with high to intermediate avidity against PvTRAP antigen (>60%) provide more information to understand the interactions between the host and P. vivax parasite. In summary, the present study provides data that support the rational development of an effective pre-erythrocytic stage vaccine based on PvTRAP antigen.
控制、消除和根除间日疟原虫的一个关键工具是研发一种有效的疫苗。血小板反应蛋白相关黏附蛋白（TRAP）是主要的子孢子抗原之一，在子孢子侵入蚊子唾液腺和肝细胞的过程中发挥重要作用。本研究的主要目的是评估来自伊朗疟疾流行地区（n = 116）、阿富汗（n = 50）和巴基斯坦（n = 50）的患者中针对间日疟原虫TRAP（PvTRAP）的自然获得性抗体。PvTRAP基因在大肠杆菌Rosetta (DE3)-pET23a中表达，并用作酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）中的抗原。评估了免疫球蛋白G（IgG）亚型概况以及IgG、IgG1和IgG3对PvTRAP的亲和力，以及抗PvTRAP亚型反应与宿主年龄之间的关联。感染间日疟原虫的伊朗患者中只有42.24%、阿富汗患者中38%以及巴基斯坦患者中44%的抗PvTRAP IgG呈阳性，三个国家中反应者的患病率无显著差异（P>0.05）。此外，对PvTRAP的IgG1和IgG3抗体反应的患病率与年龄无显著相关性（P>0.05）。在不稳定疟疾传播地区接触间日疟的个体在所有年龄段都能够针对间日疟感染产生针对TRAP抗原的抗体。最后，存在针对PvTRAP抗原具有高至中等亲和力（>60%）的成熟IgG1和IgG3抗体，这为理解宿主与间日疟原虫之间的相互作用提供了更多信息。总之，本研究提供的数据支持基于PvTRAP抗原合理研发一种有效的红细胞前期疫苗。
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