Effects of kappa-opioid receptor agonists on locomotor activity and memory processes in mice.

The effects of the kappa-opioid receptor agonists tifluadom, bremazocine and U-50,488 on locomotor activity (test: toggle-floor box) and memory (test: passive avoidance) were assessed in C57BL/6 (C57) and DB/2 (DBA) mice. The drugs administration resulted in activity depression in both strains, the effect was higher in DBA mice and was enhanced by pretreatment with haloperidol and with muscimol. Memory impairment was observed in DBA mice following posttraining administration of all drugs. This effect was enhanced by immobilization stress and decreased by familiarization with the apparatus. Memory improvement was evident in C57 mice (U-50,488 experiments). In a research carried out with CD1 mice, amygdaloid lesions decreased the memory impairing effect of U-50,488. The results are compared with those previously obtained with mu agonists and, as concerns memory, are discussed in terms of the involvement of emotional factors in mice responses to kappa agonists administration.