McCarthy Randy J
Center for the Study of Family Violence and Sexual Assault, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, USA.
Psychol Rep. 2017 Dec;120(6):1078-1095. doi: 10.1177/0033294117711934. Epub 2017 May 24.
Three studies (total = 1777 parents) examined whether harsh parenting behaviors would increase when parents experienced an instigation and whether this increase would be especially pronounced for parents who were high in trait aggression. These predictions were tested both when parents' experience of an instigation was manipulated (Studies 1 and 2) and when parents' perceptions of their child's instigating behavior was reported (Study 3). Further, these predictions were tested across a variety of measures of parents' harsh behaviors: (1) asking parents to report their likelihood of behaving harshly (Study 1), (2) using proxy tasks for parents' inclinations to behave harshly (Study 2), and (3) having parents report their past child-directed behaviors, some of which were harsh (Study 3). Both child instigations and parents' trait aggression were consistently associated with parents' child-directed harsh behaviors. However, parents' trait aggression only moderated the extent to which the instigation was associated with their harsh parenting for self-reported physical harsh behaviors (Study 1). The results of the current studies demonstrate that both situational factors, such as experiencing an instigation, and individual difference variables, such as trait aggression, affect parents' likelihood to exhibit harsh behaviors, but found little evidence these factors interact.
三项研究（共1777名家长）考察了在家长受到挑衅时，严厉育儿行为是否会增加，以及这种增加对于特质攻击性较高的家长来说是否会尤为明显。这些预测在两种情况下进行了检验：一是操纵家长受到挑衅的经历（研究1和研究2），二是让家长报告他们对孩子挑衅行为的感知（研究3）。此外，这些预测通过多种衡量家长严厉行为的方式进行了检验：（1）让家长报告他们表现出严厉行为的可能性（研究1），（2）使用代理任务来衡量家长表现出严厉行为的倾向（研究2），以及（3）让家长报告他们过去针对孩子的行为，其中一些行为是严厉的（研究3）。孩子的挑衅行为和家长的特质攻击性都与家长针对孩子的严厉行为始终相关。然而，家长的特质攻击性仅在自我报告的身体暴力行为方面（研究1）调节了挑衅与他们严厉育儿行为之间的关联程度。当前研究的结果表明，诸如受到挑衅这样的情境因素和诸如特质攻击性这样的个体差异变量都会影响家长表现出严厉行为的可能性，但几乎没有证据表明这些因素存在相互作用。
