The Aquaya Institute , PO Box 21862-00505, Nairobi, Kenya.
Oliver Wyman , Berlin 10117, Germany.
Environ Sci Technol. 2017 Jun 20;51(12):7138-7147. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.6b03846. Epub 2017 Jun 12.
Improving access to sanitation is a global public health priority. Sufficient consumer demand is required for sanitation coverage to expand through private provision. To measure consumer demand for hygienic latrine platform products in rural Tanzania, we conducted a randomized, voucher-based real-money sales trial with 1638 households with unimproved latrines. We also evaluated multiple supply chain options to determine the costs of supplying latrine platform products to rural households. For concrete latrine SanPlats, 60% of households were willing to pay US$0.48 and 10% of households were willing to pay US$4.05, yet the average cost of supplying the SanPlat to households was US$7.51. Similarly, for plastic sanitary platforms, willingness-to-pay (WTP) dropped from almost 60% at a price of US$1.43 to 5% at a price of US$12.29, compared to an average supply cost of US$23.28. WTP was not significantly different between villages that had participated in the National Sanitation Campaign and those that had not. Randomized informational interventions, including hygiene data-sharing and peer-based exposure to latrine platform products, had minimal effects on WTP. In conclusion, current household demand for latrine platform products is too low to achieve national goals for improved sanitation coverage through fully commercial distribution.
改善卫生设施的获取是全球公共卫生的重点。需要有足够的消费者需求，才能通过私人供应来扩大卫生设施的覆盖范围。为了衡量坦桑尼亚农村地区对卫生厕所平台产品的消费者需求，我们对 1638 户未改善厕所的家庭进行了一项基于代金券的真实货币销售随机试验。我们还评估了多种供应链选择，以确定向农村家庭供应厕所平台产品的成本。对于混凝土厕所 SanPlats，有 60%的家庭愿意支付 0.48 美元，有 10%的家庭愿意支付 4.05 美元，但向家庭供应 SanPlat 的平均成本为 7.51 美元。同样，对于塑料卫生平台，支付意愿（WTP）从 1.43 美元的近 60%下降到 12.29 美元的 5%，而供应成本的平均为 23.28 美元。在参加国家卫生运动的村庄和没有参加的村庄之间，WTP 没有显著差异。随机信息干预，包括卫生数据共享和基于同伴的厕所平台产品接触，对 WTP 的影响很小。总之，目前家庭对厕所平台产品的需求太低，无法通过完全商业化分销实现改善卫生覆盖范围的国家目标。
