Wang Faming
Institute of Textiles and Clothing (ITC), The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong.
Ind Health. 2017 Dec 7;55(6):473-484. doi: 10.2486/indhealth.2017-0052. Epub 2017 Jun 1.
Evaporative resistance has been widely used to describe the evaporative heat transfer property of clothing. It is also a critical variable in heat stress models for predicting human physiological responses in various environmental conditions. At present, sweating thermal manikins provide a fast and cost-effective way to determine clothing evaporative resistance. Unfortunately, the measurement repeatability and reproducibility of evaporative resistance are rather low due to the complicated moisture transfer processes through clothing. This review article presents a systematical overview on major influential factors affecting the measurement precision of clothing evaporative resistance measurements. It also illustrates the state-of-the-art knowledge on the development of test protocol to measure clothing evaporative resistance by means of a sweating manikin. Some feasible and robust test procedures for measurement of clothing evaporative resistance using a sweating manikin are described. Recommendations on how to improve the measurement accuracy of clothing evaporative resistance are addressed and expected future trends on development of advanced sweating thermal manikins are finally presented.
蒸发阻力已被广泛用于描述服装的蒸发传热特性。它也是热应激模型中的一个关键变量，用于预测在各种环境条件下人体的生理反应。目前，出汗人体模型为确定服装蒸发阻力提供了一种快速且经济高效的方法。不幸的是，由于水分透过服装的过程复杂，蒸发阻力的测量重复性和再现性相当低。这篇综述文章系统地概述了影响服装蒸发阻力测量精度的主要影响因素。它还阐述了通过出汗人体模型测量服装蒸发阻力的测试协议发展的最新知识。描述了一些使用出汗人体模型测量服装蒸发阻力的可行且可靠的测试程序。文中提出了关于如何提高服装蒸发阻力测量准确性的建议，并最终介绍了先进出汗热人体模型发展的预期未来趋势。
