Thorpe Roger S
School of Biological Sciences, University of Wales, Bangor, Gwynedd, LL57 2UW, U.K.
Evolution. 1996 Apr;50(2):524-531. doi: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1996.tb03865.x.
Even though, from Darwin onwards, interisland evolution has been a cornerstone of evolutionary theory it has not been possible to determine to what extent this geographic variation reflects the phylogeny (e.g., pattern of island colonization) or ecogenetic adaptation to different ecological conditions on each island. Using the morphology of western Canary Island lacertids (Gallotia galloti) as an example, a procedure is explored that gives a preliminary answer to this problem when there are a limited number of islands. The phylogenetic component (represented by patristic distances derived from 1005 mitochondrial DNA [mtDNA] base pairs) can be separated from two potential ecogenetic factors (environmental richness and climate) by partial Mantel tests. This reveals that, although these components interact, some characters are correlated primarily to biodiversity/paucity (e.g., size), others are correlated to wet and lush environments (e.g., dorsal pattern), and others are correlated primarily to the phylogeny (e.g., sexual leg markings). The former two correlations may be due to ecogenetic adaptation to current ecological conditions, wheras the latter reflects historical processes.
尽管从达尔文时代起，岛屿间进化就一直是进化理论的基石，但人们一直无法确定这种地理变异在多大程度上反映了系统发育（例如岛屿殖民模式）或对每个岛屿不同生态条件的生态遗传适应。以加那利群岛西部蜥蜴（Gallotia galloti）的形态为例，探索了一种方法，当岛屿数量有限时，该方法能对这个问题给出初步答案。系统发育成分（由源自1005个线粒体DNA [mtDNA]碱基对的祖先距离表示）可以通过偏 Mantel 检验与两个潜在的生态遗传因素（环境丰富度和气候）分开。这表明，尽管这些成分相互作用，但一些特征主要与生物多样性/稀缺性相关（例如体型），另一些特征与湿润繁茂的环境相关（例如背部图案），还有一些特征主要与系统发育相关（例如雄性腿部斑纹）。前两种相关性可能是由于对当前生态条件的生态遗传适应，而后者反映了历史过程。
