Hyams J S, Leichtner A M, Schwartz A N
J Pediatr. 1985 Jan;106(1):1-9. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3476(85)80455-8.
Gastrointestinal bleeding is a common and occasionally life-threatening problem in infants and children. A careful history and physical examination as well as the application of new endoscopic and radiographic techniques will reveal the source of hemorrhage in most patients. The utility of recently introduced pharmacologic agents and endoscopic techniques in the treatment of peptic disease and variceal hemorrhage in children remains to be determined. A cooperative effort among pediatricians, radiologists, and surgeons should minimize the morbidity and mortality from gastrointestinal tract bleeding in this population.
胃肠道出血在婴幼儿和儿童中是一个常见且偶尔会危及生命的问题。详细的病史、体格检查以及新的内镜和放射学技术的应用，将在大多数患者中揭示出血源。最近引入的药物和内镜技术在儿童消化性疾病和静脉曲张出血治疗中的效用仍有待确定。儿科医生、放射科医生和外科医生之间的合作应将该人群胃肠道出血的发病率和死亡率降至最低。
