Muth Philipp C, Huyen Le T T, Valle Zárate Anne
Animal Breeding and Husbandry in the Tropics and Subtropics, Hans-Ruthenberg-Institute of Agricultural Sciences in the Tropics, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstr. 17, 70599, Stuttgart, Germany.
Department of Economics and Livestock Farming Systems, National Institute of Animal Sciences, Bac Tu Liem, Hanoi, Vietnam.
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2017 Aug;49(6):1227-1234. doi: 10.1007/s11250-017-1320-x. Epub 2017 Jun 1.
In the recent past, pig performance and sow management on smallholder farms in the Southeast Asian Massif have been extensively researched. But the objective of this study was to investigate the lifetime efficiency of breeding sows of the local Vietnamese Ban (n = 89) and Mong Cai (n = 131) breeds in a production system context. The impact of sow longevity was considered in particular. In addition, predictors of early pre-weaning mortality in piglets were investigated. In total, nine villages of Son La province, situated in the uplands of north-western Vietnam, were selected, differing in access to markets, production intensity, and pig management level. Data was collected over a period of 10 years through an on-farm performance testing system. It was shown that sows of both breeds that achieved five or more parities farrowed and weaned significantly more piglets per life year compared to sows with only one or two parities. The conception rate (Spearman's rho = 0.374) and age at first farrowing (Spearman's rho = -0.424) were significantly correlated with the number of weaned piglets per life year of stayable (≥4 parities) Mong Cai sows. The risk of early pre-weaning death of piglets born to Mong Cai sows was affected more by litter size, while for piglets born to Ban sows, the risk was influenced more by the season. Therefore, interventions to improve the sow lifetime efficiency and piglet survivability must match the sow breed and management level.
最近，东南亚地块小农户猪场的生猪生产性能和母猪管理受到了广泛研究。但本研究的目的是在生产系统背景下，调查越南本地Ban（n = 89）和芒街（n = 131）品种繁殖母猪的终身效率。特别考虑了母猪长寿的影响。此外，还研究了仔猪断奶前早期死亡的预测因素。总共选择了位于越南北部高地的山萝省的9个村庄，这些村庄在市场准入、生产强度和生猪管理水平方面存在差异。通过农场性能测试系统在10年的时间里收集数据。结果表明，与只产一或两胎的母猪相比，产五胎或更多胎的两个品种的母猪每存活一年产仔和断奶的仔猪明显更多。受孕率（斯皮尔曼等级相关系数rho = 0.374）和初产年龄（斯皮尔曼等级相关系数rho = -0.424）与可留种（≥4胎）的芒街母猪每存活一年断奶仔猪的数量显著相关。芒街母猪所产仔猪断奶前早期死亡的风险受产仔数影响更大，而Ban母猪所产仔猪的风险受季节影响更大。因此，提高母猪终身效率和仔猪存活率的干预措施必须与母猪品种和管理水平相匹配。
