印度北部一家三级护理医院分离出的沙门氏菌的抗菌药敏模式。

Patterns in antimicrobial susceptibility of Salmonellae isolated at a tertiary care hospital in northern India.

作者信息

Behl Preeti, Gupta Varsha, Sachdev Atul, Guglani Vishal, Chander Jagdish

机构信息

Department of Microbiology, Government Medical College Hospital, Chandigarh, India.

Department of General Medicine, Government Medical College Hospital, Chandigarh, India.

出版信息

Indian J Med Res. 2017 Jan;145(1):124-128. doi: 10.4103/ijmr.IJMR_862_14.

DOI:10.4103/ijmr.IJMR_862_14

PMID:28574025

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5460558/

Abstract

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: Multidrug-resistant Salmonellae have emerged worldwide as also in India. The aim of this study was to study the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Salmonella enterica serovars isolated at a tertiary care hospital in northern India.

METHODS

A total of 106 S. enterica serovars isolated from various clinical samples from January 2011 to June 2012 were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol and ceftriaxone was determined both by agar dilution method and E-test for all the isolates.

RESULTS

Salmonella Typhi (73.6%) was the predominant isolate followed by S. Paratyphi A (15.1%), S. Typhimurium (9.4%) and S. Enteritidis (1.9%). Of these, 34 (32.1%) were resistant to ciprofloxacin (MIC ≥1 μg/ml by agar dilution) with MIC90 of ciprofloxacin for S. Typhi, S. Paratyphi A and S. Typhimurium being 32, 4 and 1 μg/ml, respectively. All the isolates were sensitive to chloramphenicol (MIC ≤8 μg/ml) and ceftriaxone (MIC ≤1 μg/ml). Disk diffusion method showed high susceptibility rates to cefotaxime (100%), azithromycin (93.4%) and co-trimoxazole (97.2%). Nalidixic acid resistance was seen in 105 (99.1%) isolates. Of the nalidixic acid-resistant strains, only 34 (32.3%) were found to be resistant to ciprofloxacin (MIC ≥1 μg/ml).

INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSIONS: This study showed an alarming increase in MIC to quinolones and re-emergence of susceptibility to conventional antibiotics among Salmonellae.

摘要

背景与目的

多重耐药沙门氏菌在全球范围内出现，印度也不例外。本研究旨在研究印度北部一家三级护理医院分离出的肠炎沙门氏菌血清型的抗菌药敏模式。

方法

采用 Kirby-Bauer 纸片扩散法对 2011 年 1 月至 2012 年 6 月从各种临床样本中分离出的 106 株肠炎沙门氏菌血清型进行抗菌药敏试验。采用琼脂稀释法和 E 试验测定所有分离株对环丙沙星、氯霉素和头孢曲松的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）。

结果

伤寒沙门氏菌（73.6%）是主要分离株，其次是甲型副伤寒沙门氏菌（15.1%）、鼠伤寒沙门氏菌（9.4%）和肠炎沙门氏菌（1.9%）。其中，34 株（32.1%）对环丙沙星耐药（琼脂稀释法 MIC≥1μg/ml），伤寒沙门氏菌、甲型副伤寒沙门氏菌和鼠伤寒沙门氏菌的环丙沙星 MIC90 分别为 32、4 和 1μg/ml。所有分离株对氯霉素（MIC≤8μg/ml）和头孢曲松（MIC≤1μg/ml）敏感。纸片扩散法显示对头孢噻肟（100%）、阿奇霉素（93.4%）和复方新诺明（97.2%）的药敏率较高。105 株（99.1%）分离株对萘啶酸耐药。在萘啶酸耐药菌株中，仅 34 株（32.3%）对环丙沙星耐药（MIC≥1μg/ml）。