Schneider Jennifer L, Corley Douglas A
Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, 2000 Broadway, Oakland, CA 94612, USA.
Division of Research, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, 2000 Broadway, Oakland, CA 94612, USA; San Francisco Medical Center, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA.
Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am. 2017 Jul;27(3):353-364. doi: 10.1016/j.giec.2017.03.002.
Barrett's esophagus and esophageal adenocarcinoma diagnoses have increased markedly in recent decades. Recent research with patients diagnosed with Barrett's esophagus (the only known precursor for esophageal adenocarcinoma) and esophageal adenocarcinoma has identified several modifiable and nonmodifiable potential risk factors. Consistent risk factors for both disorders include increasing age, male sex, white non-Hispanic race/ethnicity, gastroesophageal reflux disease, lack of infection with Helicobacter pylori, smoking, abdominal obesity, and a Western diet. The authors present detailed discussions of these risk factors along with possible explanations for some apparent discrepancies and ideas for future study.
近几十年来，巴雷特食管和食管腺癌的诊断率显著上升。最近针对被诊断为巴雷特食管（食管腺癌唯一已知的前驱病变）和食管腺癌的患者开展的研究，已经确定了若干可改变和不可改变的潜在风险因素。这两种疾病一致的风险因素包括年龄增长、男性、非西班牙裔白人种族/族裔、胃食管反流病、未感染幽门螺杆菌、吸烟、腹部肥胖以及西式饮食。作者详细讨论了这些风险因素，并对一些明显的差异给出了可能的解释以及对未来研究的思路。
