Kim Hoyoung, Chey Jeanyung, Lee Sanghun
Department of Psychology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Republic of Korea.
Department of Psychology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Interdisciplinary Program for Brain Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Neurosci Res. 2017 Nov;124:8-15. doi: 10.1016/j.neures.2017.05.004. Epub 2017 Jun 1.
The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in cognitive functions and brain activation after multicomponent training of cognitive control in non-demented older adults, utilizing neuropsychological tests and fMRI. We developed and implemented a computerized Multicomponent Training of Cognitive Control (MTCC), characterized by task variability and adaptive procedures, in order to maximize training effects in cognitive control and transfer to other cognitive domains. Twenty-seven community-dwelling adults, aged 64-77 years, without any history of neurological or psychiatric problems, participated in this study (14 in the training group and 13 in the control group). The MTCC was administered to the participants assigned to the training group for 8 weeks, while those in the control group received no training. Neuropsychological tests and fMRI were administered prior to and after the training. Trained participants showed improvements in cognitive control, recognition memory and general cognitive functioning. Furthermore, the MTCC led to an increased brain activation of the regions adjacent to the baseline cognitive control-related areas in the frontoparietal network. Future studies are necessary to confirm our hypothesis that MTCC improves cognitive functioning of healthy elderly individuals by expanding their frontoparietal network that is involved in cognitive control.
本研究旨在利用神经心理学测试和功能磁共振成像（fMRI），调查非痴呆老年人进行认知控制多成分训练后认知功能和大脑激活的变化。我们开发并实施了一种计算机化的认知控制多成分训练（MTCC），其特点是任务多变性和适应性程序，以最大限度地提高认知控制训练效果并转移到其他认知领域。27名年龄在64 - 77岁之间、无任何神经或精神疾病史的社区居住成年人参与了本研究（训练组14人，对照组13人）。MTCC应用于分配到训练组的参与者，为期8周，而对照组的参与者不接受训练。在训练前后进行神经心理学测试和fMRI。接受训练的参与者在认知控制、识别记忆和一般认知功能方面有所改善。此外，MTCC导致额顶叶网络中与基线认知控制相关区域相邻区域的大脑激活增加。未来的研究有必要证实我们的假设，即MTCC通过扩展参与认知控制的额顶叶网络来改善健康老年人的认知功能。
