加纳纳夫龙戈旱季亚微观有性和无性阶段的携带情况。

Carriage of sub-microscopic sexual and asexual stages in the dry season at Navrongo, Ghana.

作者信息

Atelu Geoffrey R, Duah Nancy O, Wilson Michael D

机构信息

Ghana Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Program, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Legon, Ghana.

Ghana Health Service, Accra, Ghana.

出版信息

Ghana Med J. 2016 Dec;50(4):220-227. doi: 10.4314/gmj.v50i4.4.

DOI:10.4314/gmj.v50i4.4

PMID:28579627

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5443672/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

We investigated the prevalence of sub-microscopic infections and gametocyte carriage in asymptomatic individuals in Navrongo in northern Ghana, an area of seasonal malaria transmission.

DESIGN

A cross sectional study of 209 randomly selected participants of all age-groups was conducted in February and March, 2015.

METHODS

Capillary blood samples collected from these individuals were used for the detection of both asexual and gametocyte stage parasites by microscopy, reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and conventional nested PCR methods. The prevalence data as determined by microscopy and molecular methods were compared using chi-square tests.

RESULTS

Parasitaemia from these asymptomatic infections ranged from 40 to 3,520 parasites/l of blood (geometric mean parasitaemia = 732 parasites/l). The prevalence of asymptomatic carriage was 4.8% (10/209) and 13.9% (29/209) using microscopy and RT-PCR respectively. The overall prevalence of sub-microscopic infections in the total number of samples analysed was 9.1% (19/209) and 66% (19/29) of the asymptomatic infections. gametocytemia detected by microscopy was 1% (2/209) and 3.8% (8/209) by PCR.

CONCLUSION

This is the first report of sub-microscopic asexual and gametocytes infections in the dry season in a seasonal malaria transmission area in Ghana. It has established that persistent latent malaria infections occur and that these could supply the source of parasites for the next transmission season. The findings highlight the presence of sub-microscopic infections and therefore the need for active case detection surveillance to eliminate "asymptomatic reservoir" parasites and consequently break the transmission of the disease in Ghana.

FUNDING

Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation grant awarded to Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research Postdoctoral and Postgraduate Training in Infectious Diseases Research (Global Health Grant # OPP52155); National Institutes of Health grant (NIH-NIAID RO1 # 1RO1AI099623) to MDW; European Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership (EDCTP)-West African Network of Excellence for Clinical Trials in TB, AIDS and Malaria (WANETAM) (Project code CB.07.41700.007).

摘要

背景

我们调查了加纳北部纳瓦龙戈无症状个体中亚微观感染和配子体携带情况，该地区为季节性疟疾传播区。

设计

2015年2月和3月对209名随机选取的各年龄组参与者进行了横断面研究。

方法

采集这些个体的毛细血管血样，通过显微镜检查、逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）和传统巢式PCR方法检测无性和配子体阶段的寄生虫。使用卡方检验比较显微镜检查和分子方法确定的患病率数据。

结果

这些无症状感染的寄生虫血症范围为每升血液40至3520个寄生虫（几何平均寄生虫血症=每升732个寄生虫）。使用显微镜检查和RT-PCR时，无症状携带率分别为4.8%（10/209）和13.9%（29/209）。在分析的样本总数中，亚微观感染的总体患病率为9.1%（19/209），在无症状感染中占66%（19/29）。显微镜检查检测到的配子体血症为1%（2/209），PCR检测为3.8%（8/209）。

结论

这是加纳季节性疟疾传播区旱季亚微观无性和配子体感染的首次报告。已证实存在持续性潜伏性疟疾感染，这些感染可能为下一个传播季节提供寄生虫来源。研究结果突出了亚微观感染的存在，因此需要积极的病例检测监测，以消除“无症状储存库”寄生虫，从而阻断加纳的疾病传播。

资金来源

比尔及梅琳达·盖茨基金会授予诺库奇纪念医学研究所传染病研究博士后和研究生培训项目（全球健康资助编号OPP52155）；美国国立卫生研究院授予MDW的资助（NIH-NIAID RO1 # 1RO1AI099623）；欧洲发展中国家临床试验伙伴关系（EDCTP）-西非结核病、艾滋病和疟疾临床试验卓越网络（WANETAM）（项目代码CB.07.41700.007）。