Lamas Celina de A, Cuquetto-Leite Livia, do Nascimento da Silva Emanueli, Thomazini Bruna F, Cordeiro Gabriel da S, Predes Fabrícia de S, Gollücke Andrea P B, Dolder Heidi
Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Biology Institute, State University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
Department of Analytical Chemistry, Chemistry Institute, State University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
Int J Exp Pathol. 2017 Apr;98(2):86-99. doi: 10.1111/iep.12227. Epub 2017 Jun 5.
The possibility of long-term grape juice concentrate (GJC) consumption conferring a protective effect against cadmium (Cd)-induced damage to the epididymis, completely preserving sperm profile, was evaluated here for the first time in the scientific literature. Male Wistar rats (n = 6/per group) received an intraperitoneal Cd injection (1.2 mg/Kg) at age 80 days and GJC (2 g/Kg) by gavage from 50 days until 136 days old. Groups receiving either Cd or GJC were added. An intraperitoneal injection of saline (0.9%) and water by gavage was administered in the absence of treatment with Cd or GJC. Animals were anaesthetized and exsanguinated at 136 days; the vas deferens, left testis and epididymis were removed; and perfusion continued with fixative. The right epididymis was collected for morphological analysis. Cd had a devastating effect demonstrated by reduced sperm count in testes and epididymis, sperm production and normal sperm count, besides increased epididymis sperm transit time and completely disorganized morphology. These alterations were attributed to higher Cd levels in the testes and a lipid peroxidation (LP) process. Consumption of GJC plus Cd intoxication was effective, reducing metal accumulation and LP. Consequently, we could identify a preserved sperm profile, with improvement in testis and epididymis sperm count, normal sperm structure and sperm transit time. Moreover, GJC extends its protective effect to the epididymis, allowing complete re-establishment of its morphology, ensuring successful sperm maturation process. In conclusion, our study indicates long-term GJC as a promising therapy against reproductive chemical intoxication injury damage, preserving sperm prior to ejaculation.
本文首次在科学文献中评估了长期饮用浓缩葡萄汁（GJC）对镉（Cd）诱导的附睾损伤是否具有保护作用，以及能否完全保持精子状态。80日龄雄性Wistar大鼠（每组n = 6）腹腔注射Cd（1.2 mg/Kg），并从50日龄至136日龄通过灌胃给予GJC（2 g/Kg）。添加了仅接受Cd或GJC的组。在未用Cd或GJC处理的情况下，腹腔注射生理盐水（0.9%）并通过灌胃给予水。在136日龄时对动物进行麻醉并放血；切除输精管、左侧睾丸和附睾；并继续用固定剂灌注。收集右侧附睾进行形态学分析。Cd具有破坏性作用，表现为睾丸和附睾中的精子数量减少、精子生成和正常精子数量减少，此外附睾精子转运时间增加且形态完全紊乱。这些改变归因于睾丸中较高的Cd水平和脂质过氧化（LP）过程。饮用GJC加Cd中毒有效，可减少金属积累和LP。因此，我们可以确定精子状态得以保留，睾丸和附睾中的精子数量增加、精子结构正常且精子转运时间改善。此外，GJC将其保护作用扩展至附睾，使其形态得以完全恢复，确保精子成熟过程成功。总之，我们的研究表明长期饮用GJC有望成为一种治疗生殖化学中毒损伤的方法，在射精前保护精子。
