Frei Karin Margarita, Villa Chiara, Jørkov Marie Louise, Allentoft Morten E, Kaul Flemming, Ethelberg Per, Reiter Samantha S, Wilson Andrew S, Taube Michelle, Olsen Jesper, Lynnerup Niels, Willerslev Eske, Kristiansen Kristian, Frei Robert
National Museum of Denmark, Department of Conservation and Natural Sciences, Environmental Archaeology and Material Science, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.
University of Copenhagen, Department of Forensic Medicine, Laboratory of Biological Anthropology, Copenhagen, Denmark.
PLoS One. 2017 Jun 5;12(6):e0178834. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0178834. eCollection 2017.
Establishing the age at which prehistoric individuals move away from their childhood residential location holds crucial information about the socio dynamics and mobility patterns in ancient societies. We present a novel combination of strontium isotope analyses performed on the over 3000 year old "Skrydstrup Woman" from Denmark, for whom we compiled a highly detailed month-scale model of her migration timeline. When combined with physical anthropological analyses this timeline can be related to the chronological age at which the residential location changed. We conducted a series of high-resolution strontium isotope analyses of hard and soft human tissues and combined these with anthropological investigations including CT-scanning and 3D visualizations. The Skrydstrup Woman lived during a pan-European period characterized by technical innovation and great social transformations stimulated by long-distance connections; consequently she represents an important part of both Danish and European prehistory. Our multidisciplinary study involves complementary biochemical, biomolecular and microscopy analyses of her scalp hair. Our results reveal that the Skrydstrup Woman was between 17-18 years old when she died, and that she moved from her place of origin -outside present day Denmark- to the Skrydstrup area in Denmark 47 to 42 months before she died. Hence, she was between 13 to 14 years old when she migrated to and resided in the area around Skrydstrup for the rest of her life. From an archaeological standpoint, this one-time and one-way movement of an elite female during the possible "age of marriageability" might suggest that she migrated with the aim of establishing an alliance between chiefdoms. Consequently, this detailed multidisciplinary investigation provides a novel tool to reconstruct high resolution chronology of individual mobility with the perspective of studying complex patterns of social and economic interaction in prehistory.
确定史前个体离开其童年居住地点的年龄，对于了解古代社会的社会动态和流动模式至关重要。我们对来自丹麦、有3000多年历史的“斯克里斯特鲁普女子”进行了锶同位素分析，并将其与其他分析方法相结合，构建了一个高度详细的、以月为单位的她的迁移时间线模型。将其与体质人类学分析相结合，这条时间线可以与居住地点发生变化时的实际年龄相关联。我们对人体硬组织和软组织进行了一系列高分辨率锶同位素分析，并将其与包括CT扫描和3D可视化在内的人类学调查相结合。斯克里斯特鲁普女子生活在一个泛欧洲时期，其特点是技术创新以及由远程连接引发的巨大社会变革；因此，她是丹麦和欧洲史前史的重要组成部分。我们的多学科研究涉及对她头皮毛发的生物化学、生物分子和显微镜分析。我们的研究结果表明，斯克里斯特鲁普女子去世时年龄在17至18岁之间，并且在去世前47至42个月从她的出生地——现今丹麦境外——搬到了丹麦的斯克里斯特鲁普地区。因此，她在13至14岁时迁移到斯克里斯特鲁普周边地区并在此度过余生。从考古学角度来看，这位精英女性在可能的“适婚年龄”进行的这一次单向迁移，可能表明她迁移的目的是在部落之间建立联盟。因此，这项详细的多学科研究提供了一种新颖的工具，从研究史前社会复杂的社会和经济互动模式的角度重建个体流动的高分辨率年表。
