Milner A, Witt K, Maheen H, LaMontagne A D
Centre for Health Equity, Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Turning Point, Monash University, Fitzroy, Victoria, Australia.
Work. 2017;57(2):281-287. doi: 10.3233/WOR-172554.
Emergency and protective services personnel (e.g., police, ambulance, fire-fighters, defence, prison and security officers) report elevated levels of job stress and health problems. While population-level research is lacking, there has been some research suggesting suicide rates may be elevated in emergency and protective services.
This paper compares suicide rates between emergency and protective services occupational groups over a 12-year period (2001-2012) in Australia.
Labour force data was obtained from the 2006 Australian Census. Suicide data was obtained from the National Coroners Information System (NCIS). Negative binomial regression was used to estimate the association between suicide and employment as an emergency or protective service worker (including prison and security officers) over the period 2001-2012, as compared to all other occupations. Information on suicide method was extracted from the NCIS.
The age-adjusted suicide rate across all emergency and protective service workers was 22.4 (95% CI 19.5 to 25.2) per 100,000 in males and 7.8 in females (95% CI 4.6 to 11.00), compared to 15.5 per 100,000 (95% CI 15.2 to 15.9) for males and 3.4 (95% CI 3.2 to 3.6) for females in other occupations. The highest risk by subgroup was observed among those employed in the defence force, prison officers, and ambulance personnel. The major method of death for all occupational groups was hanging.
Our results clearly highlight the need for suicide prevention among emergency and protective service occupations.
应急和防护服务人员（如警察、救护人员、消防员、国防人员、狱警和安保人员）报告称工作压力和健康问题水平较高。虽然缺乏针对总体人群的研究，但已有一些研究表明，应急和防护服务人员的自杀率可能较高。
本文比较了澳大利亚2001年至2012年这12年间应急和防护服务职业群体的自杀率。
劳动力数据来自2006年澳大利亚人口普查。自杀数据来自国家验尸官信息系统（NCIS）。采用负二项回归来估计2001年至2012年期间，与所有其他职业相比，从事应急或防护服务工作（包括狱警和安保人员）与自杀之间的关联。自杀方式信息从NCIS中提取。
所有应急和防护服务人员中，经年龄调整后的男性自杀率为每10万人22.4例（95%置信区间为19.5至25.2），女性为7.8例（95%置信区间为4.6至11.00），而其他职业的男性自杀率为每10万人15.5例（95%置信区间为15.2至15.9），女性为3.4例（95%置信区间为3.2至3.6）。在国防人员、狱警和救护人员中观察到的亚组风险最高。所有职业群体的主要死亡方式是上吊。
我们的结果清楚地表明，应急和防护服务职业人群需要开展自杀预防工作。
