Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Department of Food Science, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA.
Mol Nutr Food Res. 2017 Oct;61(10). doi: 10.1002/mnfr.201700119. Epub 2017 Jul 18.
Indole-3-carbinol (I3C), a derivative abundant in cruciferous vegetables such as cabbage, is well known for its various health benefits such as chemo-preventive and anti-obesity effects. I3C is easily metabolized to 3,3'-diindolylmethane (DIM), a more stable form, in acidic conditions of the stomach. However, the anti-obesity effect of DIM has not been investigated clearly. We sought to investigate the effect of DIM on diet-induced obesity and to elucidate its underlying mechanisms.
High-fat diet (HFD)-fed obese mouse and MDI-induced 3T3-L1 adipogenesis models were used to study the effect of DIM. We observed that the administration of DIM (50 mg/kg BW) significantly suppressed HFD-induced obesity, associated with a decrease in adipose tissue. Additionally, we observed that DIM treatment (40 and 60 μM), but not I3C treatment, significantly inhibited MDI-induced adipogenesis by reducing the levels of several adipogenic proteins such as PPAR-γ and C/EBPα. DIM, but not I3C, suppressed cell cycle progression in the G1 phase, which occurred in the early stage of adipogenesis, inducing post-translational degradation of cyclin D1 by inhibiting ubiquitin specific peptidase 2 (USP2) activities.
Our findings indicate that cruciferous vegetables, which can produce DIM as a metabolite, have the potential to prevent or treat chronic obesity.
吲哚-3-甲醇（I3C）是一种在卷心菜等十字花科蔬菜中含量丰富的衍生物，以其多种健康益处而闻名，如化学预防和抗肥胖作用。I3C 在胃的酸性条件下很容易代谢为 3,3'-二吲哚甲烷（DIM），这是一种更稳定的形式。然而，DIM 的抗肥胖作用尚未得到明确的研究。我们试图研究 DIM 对饮食诱导肥胖的影响，并阐明其潜在机制。
使用高脂肪饮食（HFD）喂养的肥胖小鼠和 MDI 诱导的 3T3-L1 脂肪生成模型来研究 DIM 的作用。我们观察到，DIM（50mg/kgBW）的给药显著抑制了 HFD 诱导的肥胖，伴随着脂肪组织的减少。此外，我们观察到 DIM 处理（40 和 60μM），而不是 I3C 处理，通过降低几种脂肪生成蛋白的水平，如 PPAR-γ 和 C/EBPα，显著抑制了 MDI 诱导的脂肪生成。DIM，但不是 I3C，抑制了细胞周期在 G1 期的进展，这发生在脂肪生成的早期阶段，通过抑制泛素特异性肽酶 2（USP2）的活性来诱导 cyclin D1 的翻译后降解。
我们的发现表明，十字花科蔬菜可以作为代谢物产生 DIM，具有预防或治疗慢性肥胖的潜力。
