Lamond E, Murray S, Gibson C E
Queen Margaret University, Edinburgh, United Kingdom.
Borders General Hospital, Melrose, NHS Borders, United Kingdom.
Intensive Crit Care Nurs. 2018 Feb;44:105-109. doi: 10.1016/j.iccn.2017.04.014. Epub 2017 Jun 3.
Delirium is described as 'acute brain failure' and constitutes a medical emergency which presents a hazard for people cared for in intensive care units. The Scottish intensive care society audit group recommend that all people cared for in intensive care units be screened for signs of delirium so that treatment and management of complications can be implemented at an early stage.
There is inconsistent evidence about when and how the assessment of delirium is carried out by nursing staff in the intensive care setting.
This narrative review explores the pathophysiology and current practices of delirium screening in intensive care. Consideration is given to the role of the nurse in detecting and managing delirium and some barriers to routine daily delirium screening are critically debated.
It is argued that routine delirium screening is an essential element of safe, effective and person centred nursing care which has potential to reduce morbidity and mortality.
谵妄被描述为“急性脑功能衰竭”，是一种医疗急症，对重症监护病房的患者构成危险。苏格兰重症监护学会审计小组建议，对所有在重症监护病房接受治疗的患者进行谵妄体征筛查，以便尽早实施并发症的治疗和管理。
关于重症监护环境中护理人员何时以及如何进行谵妄评估，证据并不一致。
本叙述性综述探讨了重症监护中谵妄筛查的病理生理学和当前实践。考虑了护士在检测和管理谵妄中的作用，并对日常常规谵妄筛查的一些障碍进行了批判性辩论。
有人认为，常规谵妄筛查是安全、有效且以患者为中心的护理的重要组成部分，有可能降低发病率和死亡率。
