Roach Elizabeth, Viechnicki Gail B, Retzloff Lauren B, Davis-Kean Pamela, Lumeng Julie C, Miller Alison L
Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Michigan, USA; Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Michigan School of Public Health, USA.
Independent Linguistic Consultant, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
Appetite. 2017 Oct 1;117:40-50. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2017.06.001. Epub 2017 Jun 3.
Families discuss food and eating in many ways that may shape child eating habits. Researchers studying how families talk about food have examined this process during meals. Little work has examined parent-child food-related interactions outside of mealtime. We assessed family food talk at home outside of mealtime and tested whether food talk was associated with obesogenic child eating behaviors, maternal feeding practices, or child weight. Preschool and school-aged mother-child dyads (n = 61) participated in naturalistic voice recording using a LENA (Language ENvironment Analysis) recorder. A coding scheme was developed to reliably characterize different types of food talk from LENA transcripts. Mothers completed the Children's Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ) and Child Feeding Questionnaire (CFQ) to assess child eating behaviors and maternal feeding practices. Child weight and height were measured and body mass index z-score (BMIz) calculated. Bivariate associations among food talk types, as a proportion of total speech, were examined and multivariate regression models used to test associations between food talk and child eating behaviors, maternal feeding practices, and child BMIz. Proportion of child Overall Food Talk and Food Explanations were positively associated with CEBQ Food Responsiveness and Enjoyment of Food (p's < 0.05). Child food Desire/Need and child Prep/Planning talk were positively associated with CEBQ Enjoyment of Food (p < 0.05). Child Food Enjoyment talk and mother Overt Restriction talk were positively associated with CEBQ Emotional Over-Eating (p < 0.05). Mother Monitoring talk was positively associated with CFQ Restriction (p < 0.05). Mother Prep/Planning talk was negatively associated with child BMIz. Food talk outside of mealtimes related to child obesogenic eating behaviors and feeding practices in expected ways; examining food talk outside of meals is a novel way to consider feeding practices and child eating behavior.
家庭以多种方式讨论食物和饮食，这些方式可能会塑造孩子的饮食习惯。研究家庭如何谈论食物的研究人员在进餐期间研究了这一过程。很少有研究考察进餐时间之外亲子之间与食物相关的互动。我们评估了进餐时间之外在家中的家庭食物谈话，并测试了食物谈话是否与致肥胖的儿童饮食行为、母亲的喂养方式或儿童体重有关。学龄前和学龄期的母子二元组（n = 61）使用语言环境分析（LENA）记录仪参与了自然主义语音记录。开发了一种编码方案，以可靠地描述LENA转录本中不同类型的食物谈话。母亲们完成了儿童饮食行为问卷（CEBQ）和儿童喂养问卷（CFQ），以评估儿童的饮食行为和母亲的喂养方式。测量了儿童的体重和身高，并计算了体重指数z评分（BMIz）。检查了作为总言语比例的食物谈话类型之间的双变量关联，并使用多元回归模型来测试食物谈话与儿童饮食行为、母亲喂养方式和儿童BMIz之间的关联。儿童总体食物谈话和食物解释的比例与CEBQ中的食物反应性和对食物的享受呈正相关（p值<0.05）。儿童对食物的渴望/需求和儿童准备/计划谈话与CEBQ中的食物享受呈正相关（p<0.05）。儿童食物享受谈话和母亲公开限制谈话与CEBQ中的情绪性暴饮暴食呈正相关（p<0.05）。母亲监督谈话与CFQ中的限制呈正相关（p<0.05）。母亲准备/计划谈话与儿童BMIz呈负相关。进餐时间之外的食物谈话以预期的方式与儿童致肥胖的饮食行为和喂养方式相关；检查进餐之外的食物谈话是一种考虑喂养方式和儿童饮食行为的新方法。
