Mohannad Eid AbuRuz, PhD, RN Associate Professor, College of Nursing, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan. Rami Masa'Deh, PhD, RN Associate Professor, College of Nursing, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan.
J Cardiovasc Nurs. 2017 Nov/Dec;32(6):538-543. doi: 10.1097/JCN.0000000000000375.
Anxiety is the earliest psychological response to acute myocardial infarction. When anxiety persists or becomes severe, it has negative consequences including increased risk for in-hospital complications. Therefore, it is necessary to determine which groups of people are at risk for high anxiety after acute myocardial infarction.
The aim of this study was to determine whether there is a difference in anxiety levels and rate of complications based on gender early after acute myocardial infarction.
A comparative design was used. Patients with acute myocardial infarction were interviewed within 72 hours (mean [SD], 40 [18] hours) of admission to the hospital and completed a sociodemographic and clinical questionnaire and the Anxiety Subscale of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale. In addition, clinical data were abstracted from the participants' medical record after discharge.
A total of 250 patients, with a confirmed diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction, participated in this study: 163 men and 87 women. Female patients were more anxious (15.5 [3.6] vs 8.1 [2.9], P < .01) and had more complications (1.1 [1.9] vs 0.6 [0.08], P < .05) than male patients did.
Anxiety is a global problem after acute myocardial infarction. Exploration of reasons why women of different cultures are at a higher risk for anxiety after acute myocardial infarction is necessary. It is of high clinical importance to determine strategies for managing anxiety in patients with or suspected to have acute myocardial infarction, especially women.
焦虑是急性心肌梗死患者最早出现的心理反应。当焦虑持续或加重时，会产生负面后果，包括住院并发症风险增加。因此，有必要确定急性心肌梗死后哪些人群容易出现高度焦虑。
本研究旨在确定急性心肌梗死后早期基于性别，焦虑水平和并发症发生率是否存在差异。
采用对比设计。在入院后 72 小时内（平均[标准差]，40[18]小时）对急性心肌梗死患者进行访谈，完成社会人口学和临床问卷以及医院焦虑和抑郁量表的焦虑分项。此外，还从患者的病历中提取临床数据。
共有 250 名确诊为急性心肌梗死的患者参加了本研究：男性 163 例，女性 87 例。女性患者更焦虑（15.5[3.6]比 8.1[2.9]，P<.01）且并发症更多（1.1[1.9]比 0.6[0.08]，P<.05）。
焦虑是急性心肌梗死后的一个全球性问题。需要探索不同文化背景的女性在急性心肌梗死后更容易焦虑的原因。确定管理急性心肌梗死或疑似急性心肌梗死患者焦虑的策略具有重要的临床意义，尤其是女性患者。
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