Wood Justin N, Wood Samantha M W
Department of Psychology, University of Southern California, USA.
Dev Sci. 2017 Jul;20(4). doi: 10.1111/desc.12470. Epub 2016 Nov 4.
How long does it take for a newborn to recognize an object? Adults can recognize objects rapidly, but measuring object recognition speed in newborns has not previously been possible. Here we introduce an automated controlled-rearing method for measuring the speed of newborn object recognition in controlled visual worlds. We raised newborn chicks (Gallus gallus) in strictly controlled environments that contained no objects other than a single virtual object, and then measured the speed at which the chicks could recognize that object from familiar and novel viewpoints. The chicks were able to recognize the object rapidly, at presentation rates of 125 ms per image. Further, recognition speed was equally fast whether the object was presented from familiar viewpoints or novel viewpoints (30° and 60° azimuth rotations). Thus, newborn chicks can recognize objects across novel viewpoints within a fraction of a second. These results demonstrate that newborns are capable of both rapid and invariant object recognition at the onset of vision.
新生儿识别一个物体需要多长时间？成年人能够快速识别物体，但此前一直无法测量新生儿识别物体的速度。在此，我们引入一种自动控制饲养方法，用于在可控的视觉环境中测量新生儿识别物体的速度。我们将新生小鸡（原鸡）饲养在严格控制的环境中，该环境中除了一个虚拟物体外没有其他物体，然后测量小鸡从熟悉和新颖视角识别该物体的速度。小鸡能够以每张图像125毫秒的呈现速度快速识别物体。此外，无论物体是从熟悉视角还是新颖视角（方位旋转30°和60°）呈现，识别速度都同样快。因此，新生小鸡能够在不到一秒的时间内跨新颖视角识别物体。这些结果表明，新生儿在视觉开始时就能够进行快速且不变的物体识别。
