Zhang Ming, Kumagai Naoya, Shibasaki Masakatsu
Institute of Microbial Chemistry (BIKAKEN), Tokyo, 3-14-23 Kamiosaki, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 141-0021, Japan.
Chemistry. 2017 Sep 12;23(51):12450-12455. doi: 10.1002/chem.201702330. Epub 2017 Jul 4.
1,3-Dipolar cycloaddition is a commonly exploited method to access 5-membered chemical entities with a variety of peripheral functionalities and their stereochemical arrangements. Nitrones are isolable 1,3-dipoles that exhibit sufficient reactivity toward electron-deficient olefins in the presence of Lewis acids to deliver highly substituted isoxazolidines. Herein we document that α,β-unsaturated amides, generally regarded as barely reactive in a 1,3-dipolar reaction manifold, were effectively activated using the designed 7-azaindoline auxiliary in an In(OTf) /bishydroxamic acid catalytic system. The broad substrate scope and clean removal of the 7-azaindoline auxiliary from the product highlight the synthetic utility of the present catalysis.
1,3-偶极环加成是一种常用的方法,用于合成具有各种外围官能团及其立体化学排列的五元化学实体。硝酮是可分离的1,3-偶极体,在路易斯酸存在下,它们对缺电子烯烃表现出足够的反应活性,能够生成高度取代的异恶唑烷。在此,我们证明,通常认为在1,3-偶极反应体系中几乎没有反应活性的α,β-不饱和酰胺,在In(OTf)₃/双异羟肟酸催化体系中,通过设计的7-氮杂吲哚辅助剂能够被有效活化。该反应底物范围广,且产物中7-氮杂吲哚辅助剂能够被干净地除去,突出了本催化反应的合成实用性。