养狗对社区居住老年人自由生活身体活动和久坐行为客观指标的影响：一项纵向病例对照研究。

The influence of dog ownership on objective measures of free-living physical activity and sedentary behaviour in community-dwelling older adults: a longitudinal case-controlled study.

作者信息

Dall Philippa Margaret, Ellis Sarah Lesley Helen, Ellis Brian Martin, Grant P Margaret, Colyer Alison, Gee Nancy Renee, Granat Malcolm Howard, Mills Daniel Simon

机构信息

Institutite of Applied health research, Glasgow Caledonian University, Cowcaddens Road, Glasgow, G4 0BA, UK.

School Of Life Sciences, University of Lincoln, Lincoln, LN6 7DL, UK.

出版信息

BMC Public Health. 2017 Jun 9;17(1):496. doi: 10.1186/s12889-017-4422-5.

DOI:10.1186/s12889-017-4422-5

PMID:28595596

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5465590/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

There is some evidence to suggest that dog ownership may improve physical activity (PA) among older adults, but to date, studies examining this, have either depended on self-report or incomplete datasets due to the type of activity monitor used to record physical activity. Additionally, the effect of dog ownership on sedentary behaviour (SB) has not been explored. The aim of the current study was to address these issues by using activPAL monitors to evaluate the influence of dog ownership on health enhancing PA and SB in a longitudinal study of independently-mobile, community-dwelling older adults.

METHODS

Study participants (43 pairs of dog owners and non-dog owners, matched on a range of demographic variables) wore an activPAL monitor continuously for three, one-week data collection periods over the course of a year. Participants also reported information about their own and their dog demographics, caring responsibilities, and completed a diary of wake times. Diary data was used to isolate waking times, and outcome measures of time spent walking, time spent walking at a moderate cadence (>100 steps/min), time spent standing, time spent sitting, number of sitting events (continuous periods of sitting), and the number of and of time spent sitting in prolonged events (>30 min). For each measure, a linear mixed effects model with dog ownership as a fixed effect, and a random effects structure of measurement point nested in participant nested in pair was used to assess the effect of dog ownership.

RESULTS

Owning a dog indicated a large, potentially health improving, average effect of 22 min additional time spent walking, 95%CI (12, 34), and 2760 additional steps per day, 95%CI (1667, 3991), with this additional walking undertaken at a moderate intensity cadence. Dog owners had significantly fewer sitting events. However, there were no significant differences between the groups for either the total time spent sitting, or the number or duration of prolonged sedentary events.

CONCLUSIONS

The scale of the influence of dog ownership on PA found in this study, indicates that future research regarding PA in older adults should assess and report dog ownership and/or dog walking status.

摘要

背景

有证据表明，养狗可能会增加老年人的身体活动（PA），但迄今为止，由于用于记录身体活动的活动监测器类型，研究这一问题的研究要么依赖自我报告，要么数据集不完整。此外，养狗对久坐行为（SB）的影响尚未得到探讨。本研究的目的是通过使用activPAL监测器来解决这些问题，在一项针对独立行动、居住在社区的老年人的纵向研究中，评估养狗对促进健康的身体活动和久坐行为的影响。

方法

研究参与者（43对养狗者和非养狗者，在一系列人口统计学变量上进行匹配）在一年的时间里，连续佩戴activPAL监测器三个为期一周的数据收集期。参与者还报告了他们自己和他们的狗的人口统计学信息、照顾责任，并完成了一份起床时间日记。日记数据用于确定清醒时间，以及步行时间、以适度节奏（>100步/分钟）步行的时间、站立时间、坐着时间、坐着事件数量（连续坐着的时间段）以及长时间坐着事件（>30分钟）的数量和时间等结果指标。对于每项测量，使用以养狗情况为固定效应、以嵌套在参与者中的测量点为随机效应结构、参与者嵌套在配对中的线性混合效应模型来评估养狗的影响。

结果

养狗表明，每天平均额外步行时间增加22分钟，95%置信区间（12，34），每天额外增加2760步，95%置信区间（1667，3991），且额外的步行是以适度强度的节奏进行的，这对健康有很大的潜在改善作用。养狗者的坐着事件明显更少。然而，两组在总坐着时间、长时间久坐事件的数量或持续时间方面没有显著差异。