Mosiej Ewa, Krysztopa-Grzybowska Katarzyna, Polak Maciej, Prygiel Marta, Lutyńska Anna
Department of Sera and Vaccines Evaluation, National Institute of Public Health-National Institute of Hygiene, 24 Chocimska Street, 00-791 Warsaw, Poland.
J Med Microbiol. 2017 Jun;66(6):753-761. doi: 10.1099/jmm.0.000408. Epub 2017 Jun 9.
Despite the long history of pertussis vaccination and high vaccination coverage in Poland and many other developed countries, pertussis incidence rates have increased substantially, making whooping cough one of the most prevalent vaccine-preventable diseases. Among the factors potentially involved in pertussis resurgence, the adaptation of the Bordetella pertussis population to country-specific vaccine-induced immunity through selection of non-vaccine-type strains still needs detailed studies.
Multi-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA), also linked to MLST and PFGE profiling, was applied to trace the genetic changes in the B. pertussis population circulating in Poland in the period 1959-2013 versus country-specific vaccine strains.
Generally, among 174 B. pertussis isolates, 31 MLVA types were detected, of which 11 were not described previously. The predominant MLVA types of recent isolates in Poland were different from those of the typical isolates circulating in other European countries. The MT27 type, currently predominant in Europe, was rarely seen and detected in only five isolates among all studied. The features of the vaccine strains used for production of the pertussis component of a national whole-cell diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTP) vaccine, as studied by MLVA and MLST tools, were found to not match those observed in the currently circulating B. pertussis isolates in Poland.
Differences traced by MLVA in relation to the MLST and PFGE profiling confirmed that the B. pertussis strain types currently observed elsewhere in Europe, even if appearing in Poland, were not able to successfully disseminate within a human population in Poland that has been vaccinated with a whole-cell pertussis vaccine not used in other countries.
尽管波兰和许多其他发达国家有百日咳疫苗接种的悠久历史且接种覆盖率很高，但百日咳发病率仍大幅上升，使百日咳成为最常见的疫苗可预防疾病之一。在百日咳卷土重来可能涉及的因素中，百日咳杆菌群体通过选择非疫苗型菌株来适应特定国家疫苗诱导的免疫这一情况仍需详细研究。
多基因座可变数目串联重复序列分析（MLVA），也与多位点序列分型（MLST）和脉冲场凝胶电泳（PFGE）分析相关联，用于追踪1959 - 2013年期间在波兰流行的百日咳杆菌群体相对于特定国家疫苗菌株的基因变化。
总体而言，在174株百日咳杆菌分离株中，检测到31种MLVA类型，其中11种以前未被描述过。波兰近期分离株的主要MLVA类型与在其他欧洲国家流行的典型分离株不同。目前在欧洲占主导地位的MT27型很少见，在所有研究的分离株中仅在5株中检测到。通过MLVA和MLST工具研究发现，用于生产国家全细胞白喉 - 破伤风 - 百日咳（DTP）疫苗百日咳成分的疫苗菌株特征与目前在波兰流行的百日咳杆菌分离株中观察到的特征不匹配。
通过MLVA与MLST和PFGE分析追踪到的差异证实，目前在欧洲其他地方观察到的百日咳杆菌菌株类型，即使在波兰出现，也无法在已接种其他国家未使用的全细胞百日咳疫苗的波兰人群中成功传播。
