Mays Darren, Evans W Douglas
a Department of Oncology, Georgetown University Medical Center, Cancer Prevention and Control Program , Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center , Washington , DC , USA.
b Department of Prevention and Community Health , George Washington University Milken Institute School of Public Health , Washington , DC , USA.
J Health Commun. 2017 Jul;22(7):604-611. doi: 10.1080/10810730.2017.1332119. Epub 2017 Jun 9.
Indoor tanning (IT) increases the risks of skin cancer, but evidence on how to design health education messaging targeting IT among young adult women remains limited. This study investigated the effects of theory-guided gain-, loss-, and balanced-framed IT prevention messages. Young adult women ages 18-30 who indoor tan (n = 552, mean age = 24.9 years [standard deviation = 3.1]) were recruited online, completed pre-exposure measures, and were randomized to view a gain-, loss-, or balanced-framed message. Participants completed post-exposure measures of message response (emotional response, message receptivity), IT risk (perceived severity, susceptibility), and efficacy (self-efficacy, perceived benefits of avoiding IT) beliefs, and IT behavioral intentions. Loss- and balanced-framed messages promoted significantly greater emotional response and message receptivity and lower IT behavioral intentions than gain-framed messages. The effects of loss- and balanced-framed messages on IT behavioral intentions were mediated by greater emotional response and message receptivity compared with the gain-framed message. These results can inform the development of public health education campaigns to prevent and reduce IT among young adult women. Future research can build from these findings by investigating additional message themes and tailoring strategies to maximize their effects, examining the effects of framed messages prospectively, and investigating ways to enhance message receptivity, such as through novel message delivery channels (e.g., mobile devices).
室内晒黑(IT)会增加患皮肤癌的风险,但关于如何设计针对年轻成年女性室内晒黑的健康教育信息的证据仍然有限。本研究调查了理论指导下的获得型、损失型和平衡型框架的室内晒黑预防信息的效果。通过网络招募了年龄在18 - 30岁之间有室内晒黑行为的年轻成年女性(n = 552,平均年龄 = 24.9岁[标准差 = 3.1]),她们完成了暴露前的测量,然后被随机分配观看获得型、损失型或平衡型框架的信息。参与者完成了暴露后的信息反应(情绪反应、信息接受度)、室内晒黑风险(感知严重性、易感性)以及效能(自我效能、避免室内晒黑的感知益处)信念和室内晒黑行为意图的测量。与获得型框架的信息相比,损失型和平衡型框架的信息能显著促进更大的情绪反应和信息接受度,并降低室内晒黑行为意图。与获得型框架的信息相比,损失型和平衡型框架的信息对室内晒黑行为意图的影响是通过更大的情绪反应和信息接受度来介导的。这些结果可为预防和减少年轻成年女性室内晒黑的公共健康教育活动的开展提供参考。未来的研究可以基于这些发现,通过调查其他信息主题和定制策略以最大化其效果,前瞻性地研究框架信息的效果,以及研究增强信息接受度的方法,如通过新颖的信息传播渠道(如移动设备)。