仅在现代粉尘控制法规下工作的美国年轻前煤矿工人尘肺病病情日益严重。
Increasing Severity of Pneumoconiosis Among Younger Former US Coal Miners Working Exclusively Under Modern Dust-Control Regulations.
作者信息
Graber Judith M, Harris Gerald, Almberg Kirsten S, Rose Cecile S, Petsonk Edward L, Cohen Robert A
机构信息
School of Public Health (Dr Graber); Cancer Institute of New Jersey (Dr Harris), Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Jersey; School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Illinois (Dr Almberg, Dr Cohen); Department of Medicine, National Jewish Health and University of Colorado, Colorado (Dr Rose); Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, West Virginia University, West Virginia (Dr Petsonk).
出版信息
J Occup Environ Med. 2017 Jun;59(6):e105-e111. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000001048.
BACKGROUND
Coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP) steadily declined among US miners following dust control regulations in 1970. In 2000, severe forms of this disease reemerged among young miners, and are well described among working-but not former-miners.
METHODS
Black lung benefits program (BLBP) data (2001 to 2013) were used to estimate respiratory disease burden among former miners including: (1) CWP (simple; advanced CWP, and progressive massive fibrosis [CWP/PMF]); and (2) respiratory impairment (FEV1 percent reference: mild, moderate, ≥moderately-severe).
RESULTS
Among 24,686 claimants, 8.5% had advanced CWP/PMF; prevalence was highest among younger (less than or equal to 56 years: 10.8%) and older (greater than 70 years: 8.4%) miners and those who began work after versus before 1970 (8.3% vs. 4.0%).
CONCLUSIONS
BLBP claims provide potentially useful data for monitoring the burden and severity of coal mine dust lung disease, and assessing efficacy of protective regulations.
背景
自1970年实施粉尘控制法规以来，美国煤矿工人尘肺（CWP）病例数稳步下降。2000年，这种疾病的严重形式在年轻矿工中再度出现，且在在职矿工而非退休矿工中已有详尽描述。
方法
利用黑肺病福利计划（BLBP）数据（2001年至2013年）估算退休矿工的呼吸系统疾病负担，包括：（1）CWP（单纯型；晚期CWP和进行性块状纤维化[CWP/PMF]）；以及（2）呼吸功能损害（第一秒用力呼气容积占预计值百分比：轻度、中度、≥中度严重）。
结果
在24,686名索赔者中，8.5%患有晚期CWP/PMF；患病率在较年轻（小于或等于56岁：10.8%）和较年长（大于70岁：8.4%）的矿工以及1970年之后开始工作的矿工中最高（8.3%对4.0%）。
结论
BLBP索赔数据为监测煤矿粉尘肺病的负担和严重程度以及评估防护法规的有效性提供了潜在的有用数据。
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