Moreno-Torres Ignacio, Otero Pablo, Luna-Ramírez Salvador, Garayzábal Heinze Elena
Departamento de Filología Española, Campus de Teatinos s/n, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain.
Departamento de Ingeniería de Comunicaciones, Campus de Teatinos s/n, Universidad de Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain.
J Acoust Soc Am. 2017 May;141(5):3079. doi: 10.1121/1.4982251.
This paper presents the results of a closed-set recognition task for 80 Spanish consonant-vowel sounds (16 C × 5 V, spoken by 2 talkers) in 8-talker babble (-6, -2, +2 dB). A ranking of resistance to noise was obtained using the signal detection d' measure, and confusion patterns were analyzed using a graphical method (confusion graphs). The resulting ranking indicated the existence of three resistance groups: (1) high resistance: /ʧ, s, ʝ/; (2) mid resistance: /r, l, m, n/; and (3) low resistance: /t, θ, x, ɡ, b, d, k, f, p/. Confusions involved mostly place of articulation and voicing errors, and occurred especially among consonants in the same resistance group. Three perceptual confusion groups were identified: the three low-energy fricatives (i.e., /f, θ, x/), the six stops (i.e., /p, t, k, b, d, ɡ/), and three consonants with clear formant structure (i.e., /m, n, l/). The factors underlying consonant resistance and confusion patterns are discussed. The results are compared with data from other languages.
本文展示了一项闭集识别任务的结果，该任务针对80个西班牙语辅音-元音组合发音（由2名说话者说出的16个辅音×5个元音），处于8名说话者的嘈杂环境中（-6、-2、+2分贝）。使用信号检测d'测量法获得了对噪声的抗性排名，并使用一种图形方法（混淆图）分析了混淆模式。所得排名表明存在三个抗性组：（1）高抗性：/ʧ, s, ʝ/；（2）中等抗性：/r, l, m, n/；以及（3）低抗性：/t, θ, x, ɡ, b, d, k, f, p/。混淆主要涉及发音部位和浊音错误，尤其发生在同一抗性组的辅音之间。识别出了三个感知混淆组：三个低能量擦音（即/f, θ, x/）、六个塞音（即/p, t, k, b, d, ɡ/）以及三个具有清晰共振峰结构的辅音（即/m, n, l/）。讨论了辅音抗性和混淆模式背后的因素。将结果与其他语言的数据进行了比较。
