Stanescu A Luana, Liszewski Mark C, Lee Edward Y, Phillips Grace S
Department of Radiology, Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington School of Medicine, 4800 Sand Point Way Northeast, Seattle, WA 98105, USA.
Division of Pediatric Radiology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 111 East 210th Street, Bronx, NY 10467, USA.
Radiol Clin North Am. 2017 Jul;55(4):717-739. doi: 10.1016/j.rcl.2017.02.010. Epub 2017 Apr 27.
Neonatal gastrointestinal emergencies are caused by a diverse set of primarily congenital entities that may affect the upper or lower gastrointestinal tracts, and occasionally both. Although a diagnosis can sometimes be made on prenatal imaging, more commonly patients present after birth and require prompt diagnosis to facilitate timely treatment. Imaging plays a central role in the accurate diagnosis of these entities and typically consists of an initial abdominal series followed by either an upper gastrointestinal series or contrast enema. The authors review the most common neonatal gastrointestinal emergencies and provide a step-by-step approach to the accurate imaging diagnosis.
新生儿胃肠道急症由多种主要为先天性的病因引起，这些病因可能影响上消化道或下消化道，偶尔也会同时影响两者。虽然有时可以通过产前影像学检查做出诊断，但更常见的情况是患儿出生后才出现症状，需要迅速诊断以便及时治疗。影像学检查在准确诊断这些病症中起着核心作用，通常包括最初的腹部X线检查系列，随后是上消化道造影或钡剂灌肠造影。作者回顾了最常见的新生儿胃肠道急症，并提供了准确影像诊断的分步方法。
