Trivedi Vikas, Mishra Panna, Verma Deepankar
Department of Orthopedics, Era's Lucknow Medical College, Lucknow, India.
Hind Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India.
Open Orthop J. 2017 Apr 28;11:378-388. doi: 10.2174/1874325001711010378. eCollection 2017.
The number of anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injuries reported in skeletally immature athletes has increased over the past 2 decades. The reasons for this increased rate include the growing number of children and adolescents participating in competitive sports vigorous sports training at an earlier age and greater rate of diagnosis because of increased awareness and greater use of advanced medical imaging. There is a growing need for a consensus and evidence based approach for management of these injuries to frame a dedicated age specific treatment strategy.
This article does a systematic evidence based literature review of management of Pediatric ACL injuries seen in several forms: tibial eminence avulsion fractures partial ACL tears and full thickness ligament tears and its outcome analysis.
The mechanism of Safe and effective surgical techniques for children and adolescents with ACL injuries continues to evolve. The numerous age matched techniques are extensively discussed. Neuromuscular training can reduce the risk of ACL injury in adolescent girls.
This review outlines the current state of knowledge on diagnosis treatment and prevention of ACL injuries in children and adolescents and helps in guiding the treatment through a dedicated algorithm.
在过去20年中，骨骼未成熟运动员前交叉韧带（ACL）损伤的报告数量有所增加。这种发病率上升的原因包括参与竞技运动的儿童和青少年数量增加、在更早的年龄进行高强度体育训练，以及由于意识提高和先进医学成像技术使用增加而导致的更高诊断率。越来越需要一种基于共识和证据的方法来管理这些损伤，以制定专门针对特定年龄的治疗策略。
本文对小儿ACL损伤的管理进行了系统的基于证据的文献综述，这些损伤有几种形式：胫骨髁间棘撕脱骨折、部分ACL撕裂和全层韧带撕裂及其结果分析。
针对ACL损伤的儿童和青少年的安全有效手术技术的机制仍在不断发展。文中广泛讨论了众多与年龄匹配的技术。神经肌肉训练可以降低青春期女孩ACL损伤的风险。
本综述概述了儿童和青少年ACL损伤诊断、治疗和预防的当前知识状态，并有助于通过专门的算法指导治疗。
