Department of Psychology, The University of Akron.
Department of Psychology, University of South Alabama.
J Couns Psychol. 2017 Nov;64(6):708-723. doi: 10.1037/cou0000230. Epub 2017 Jun 12.
The current study extended prior work on the Femininity Ideology Scale (FIS), a multidimensional measure of traditional femininity ideology (TFI), in several ways. First, we conducted exploratory factor and bifactor analyses, which revealed a general TFI factor and 3 specific factors: dependence/deference, purity, and emotionality/traditional roles. Second, based on these results we developed the 12-item FIS-Short Form (FIS-SF). Third, we assessed the FIS-SF using confirmatory factor analysis on a separate sample, finding that the items loaded on the general factor and 3 specific factors as hypothesized, and that the bifactor model fit better than common factors and unidimensional models. Fourth, model-based reliability estimates tentatively support the use of raw scores to represent the general TFI factor and the emotionality/traditional roles specific factor, but the other 2 specific factors are best measured using SEM or by ipsatizing their scores. Fifth, we assessed measurement invariance across 2 gender groups, finding evidence for configural invariance for all factors, and for partial metric invariance for the specific factors. Sixth, we found evidence for the convergent construct validity of the FIS-SF general factor and the emotionality/traditional roles specific factors by examining relationships with the latent variables of several constructs in the nomological network. The results are discussed in relationship to prior literature, future research directions, applications to counseling practice, and limitations. Data (N = 1,472, 907 women, 565 men, 530 people of color) were from community and college participants who responded to an online survey. (PsycINFO Database Record
本研究在先前的女性气质意识形态量表（Femininity Ideology Scale，FIS）研究基础上进行了扩展，该量表是传统女性气质意识形态（Traditional femininity ideology，TFI）的多维测量工具。具体而言，我们进行了探索性因素分析和双因素分析，结果揭示了一个普遍的 TFI 因素和 3 个特定因素：依赖性/顺从性、纯洁性和情感性/传统角色。其次，基于这些结果，我们开发了 12 项 FIS-Short Form（FIS-SF）。第三，我们在另一个样本中使用验证性因素分析评估了 FIS-SF，结果发现，项目按预期加载到普遍因素和 3 个特定因素上，双因素模型的拟合优于共同因素和单维模型。第四，基于模型的可靠性估计初步支持使用原始分数来表示普遍的 TFI 因素和情感性/传统角色特定因素，但其他 2 个特定因素最好使用 SEM 或通过对其分数进行等距化来进行测量。第五，我们在 2 个性别群体中评估了测量的不变性，发现所有因素的结构不变性以及特定因素的部分度量不变性的证据。第六，通过考察与规范网络中几个结构的潜在变量的关系，我们发现了 FIS-SF 普遍因素和情感性/传统角色特定因素的收敛结构有效性的证据。结果与先前的文献、未来的研究方向、对咨询实践的应用以及局限性进行了讨论。数据（N=1472，907 名女性，565 名男性，530 名有色人种）来自社区和大学参与者，他们对在线调查做出了回应。
