Oliver A, Tomás J M, Montoro-Rodriguez J
Dept. of Methodology for Behavioral Sciences, University of Valencia, Av. Blasco Ibáñez, 21, 46010, Valencia, Spain.
Dept. of Methodology for Behavioral Sciences, University of Valencia, Av. Blasco Ibáñez, 21, 46010, Valencia, Spain.
Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2017 Sep;72:80-85. doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2017.05.008. Epub 2017 May 25.
The aim of this study is to explore the indirect effects of dispositional hope in the life satisfaction of older adults attending a lifelong learning program at the University of Valencia, Spain. We examine the mediating impact of dispositional hope regarding its ability to impact life satisfaction while considering affective and confidant social support, perceived health and leisure activities, consciousness and spirituality as predictors.
Analysis were based on survey data (response rate 77.4%) provided by 737 adults 55 years old or more (Mean age=65.41, SD=6.60; 69% woman). A structural model with latent variables was specified and estimated in Mplus.
The results show the ability of just a few variables to sum up a reasonable model to apply to successful aging population. All these variables are correlated and significantly predict hope with the exception of health. The model additionally includes significant positive indirect effects from spirituality, affective support and consciousness on satisfaction. The model has a good fit in terms of both the measurement and structural model. Regarding predictive power, these comprehensive four main areas of successful aging account for 42% of hope and finally for one third of the life satisfaction variance.
Results support the mediating role of dispositional hope on the life satisfaction among older adults attending lifelong learning programs. These findings also support the MacArthur model of successful aging adapted to older adults with high levels of functional, social and cognitive ability. Dispositional hope, perceived health, and social support were the strongest predictors of satisfaction with life.
本研究旨在探讨性格希望对西班牙巴伦西亚大学参加终身学习项目的老年人生活满意度的间接影响。我们在将情感和知己社会支持、感知健康和休闲活动、意识和精神性作为预测因素的同时，考察性格希望对生活满意度的中介影响。
分析基于737名55岁及以上成年人（平均年龄=65.41，标准差=6.60；69%为女性）提供的调查数据（回复率77.4%）。在Mplus中指定并估计了一个具有潜在变量的结构模型。
结果表明，只有少数变量能够总结出一个适用于成功老龄化人群的合理模型。除健康外，所有这些变量都相互关联且能显著预测希望。该模型还包括精神性、情感支持和意识对满意度的显著正向间接影响。该模型在测量模型和结构模型方面都具有良好的拟合度。就预测能力而言，成功老龄化的这四个主要综合领域占希望的42%，最终占生活满意度方差的三分之一。
结果支持性格希望在参加终身学习项目的老年人生活满意度中的中介作用。这些发现也支持了适用于具有高水平功能、社会和认知能力的老年人的麦克阿瑟成功老龄化模型。性格希望、感知健康和社会支持是生活满意度的最强预测因素。
