Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology,University of Granada,Granada,Spain.
Department of Business and Management,University of Granada,Granada,Spain.
Int Psychogeriatr. 2019 Feb;31(2):181-191. doi: 10.1017/S1041610218000388. Epub 2018 May 25.
ABSTRACTBackground:Psychological and social resources such as extraversion, optimism, social support, or social networks contribute to adaptation and to successful aging. Building on assumptions derived from successful aging and from the developmental adaptation models, this study aims to analyze the joint impact of different psychosocial resources, such as personality, social relations, health, and socio-demographic characteristics on life satisfaction in a group of people aged 65 years-old and older from Spain.
A cross-sectional survey using non-proportional quota sampling was carried out. The sample comprised 406 community-dwelling older adults (M = 74.88, SD = 6.75). In order to collect the data, face-to-face interviews were individually conducted. A structural equation model (SEM) was carried out using the PLS software.
The results of the SEM model showed that, within this sample, psychosocial variables explain 47.4% of the variance in life satisfaction. Social relations and personality, specifically optimism, were strongly related with life satisfaction, while health status and socio-demographic characteristics were modestly associated with life satisfaction.
Findings support the view that psychosocial resources are important for successful aging and therefore should be included in successful aging models. Furthermore, interventions aimed at fostering successful aging should take into account the role of psychosocial variables.
摘要背景：心理和社会资源，如外向性、乐观主义、社会支持或社交网络，有助于适应和成功老龄化。本研究基于成功老龄化和发展适应模型的假设，旨在分析不同心理社会资源（如个性、社会关系、健康和社会人口特征）对西班牙一组 65 岁及以上人群生活满意度的综合影响。方法：采用非比例配额抽样的横断面调查。样本包括 406 名居住在社区的老年人（M=74.88，SD=6.75）。为了收集数据，采用面对面访谈的方式进行个体访谈。使用 PLS 软件进行结构方程模型（SEM）分析。结果：SEM 模型的结果表明，在该样本中，心理社会变量解释了生活满意度变异的 47.4%。社会关系和个性，特别是乐观主义，与生活满意度密切相关，而健康状况和社会人口特征与生活满意度中度相关。结论：研究结果支持这样一种观点，即心理社会资源对成功老龄化很重要，因此应纳入成功老龄化模型。此外，旨在促进成功老龄化的干预措施应考虑心理社会变量的作用。
