Sabbah Shai, Gemmer John A, Bhatia-Lin Ananya, Manoff Gabrielle, Castro Gabriel, Siegel Jesse K, Jeffery Nathan, Berson David M
Department of Neuroscience, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA.
Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27109, USA.
Nature. 2017 Jun 22;546(7659):492-497. doi: 10.1038/nature22818. Epub 2017 Jun 7.
Self-motion triggers complementary visual and vestibular reflexes supporting image-stabilization and balance. Translation through space produces one global pattern of retinal image motion (optic flow), rotation another. We examined the direction preferences of direction-sensitive ganglion cells (DSGCs) in flattened mouse retinas in vitro. Here we show that for each subtype of DSGC, direction preference varies topographically so as to align with specific translatory optic flow fields, creating a neural ensemble tuned for a specific direction of motion through space. Four cardinal translatory directions are represented, aligned with two axes of high adaptive relevance: the body and gravitational axes. One subtype maximizes its output when the mouse advances, others when it retreats, rises or falls. Two classes of DSGCs, namely, ON-DSGCs and ON-OFF-DSGCs, share the same spatial geometry but weight the four channels differently. Each subtype ensemble is also tuned for rotation. The relative activation of DSGC channels uniquely encodes every translation and rotation. Although retinal and vestibular systems both encode translatory and rotatory self-motion, their coordinate systems differ.
自我运动触发互补的视觉和前庭反射，以支持图像稳定和平衡。在空间中平移产生一种全局视网膜图像运动模式（光流），旋转则产生另一种模式。我们在体外对扁平的小鼠视网膜中方向敏感的神经节细胞（DSGCs）的方向偏好进行了研究。在此我们表明，对于DSGCs的每种亚型，方向偏好呈地形学变化，以便与特定的平移光流场对齐，从而创建一个针对空间中特定运动方向进行调谐的神经集合。四个主要的平移方向被表征，与两个具有高度适应性相关性的轴对齐：身体轴和重力轴。当小鼠前进时，一种亚型的输出最大化，其他亚型则在小鼠后退、上升或下降时输出最大化。两类DSGCs，即ON-DSGCs和ON-OFF-DSGCs，具有相同的空间几何结构，但对四个通道的加权不同。每个亚型集合也针对旋转进行了调谐。DSGC通道的相对激活唯一地编码每一种平移和旋转。尽管视网膜和前庭系统都对平移和旋转的自我运动进行编码，但它们的坐标系不同。
