Canário Roberta, Rocha Carlos Eduardo Falavigna DA, Neves Elizabeth, Johnsson Rodrigo
Universidade Federal da Bahia, Inst. Biologia, Dpt. Zoologia, LABIMAR - Crustacea, Cnidaria & Fauna Associada, Av. Adhemar de Barros, s/n, Campus Ondina, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil - CEP: 40170-290. Universidade de São Paulo, Inst. de Biociências, Dpt. Zoologia, R. do Matão, 14 - Butantã, São Paulo, Brazil - CEP: 05508-090.
Zootaxa. 2017 Mar 27;4247(2):101-113. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.4247.2.1.
The family Asterocheridae Giesbrecht has several genera associated with sponges including Asterocheres Boeck, 1859. The type genus is commonly found in sponges but it is also recorded in echinoderms, bryozoans, and corals. A revision of the diagnosis of Asterocheres conducted in 2010 was the beginning of a reorganization process, culminating in the present status of 63 valid species. This study describes a new species and genus of the Asterocheridae. Neoasterocheres gen. nov. shares many characteristics with Asterocheres sensu stricto, except for the antennule segmentation which shows ancestral segments IX-XII fused to segment XIII. The new species of Neoasterocheres gen. nov. was found in association with the sponge Callyspongia sp. sampled at the Yatch Club Bay, located in Todos-os-Santos Bay, Salvador city, Bahia State, Brazil. A revision of the Asterocheres sensu stricto indicates that A. enewetakensis Humes, 1997, A. dysideae Humes, 1996b, A. humesi Varela, 2012, A. rotundus Malt, 1991, A. scutatus Stock, 1966, and A. serrulatus (Humes, 1996a) share this fusion and therefore should be transferred to the new genus. A redescription of Neoasterocheres serrulatus n. comb. is also provided, based on the examination of type specimens.
吉斯布雷希特的星螯科（Asterocheridae）有几个与海绵相关的属，包括1859年的星螯属（Asterocheres）博克。模式属常见于海绵中，但也有记录存在于棘皮动物、苔藓虫和珊瑚中。2010年对星螯属诊断的修订是重组过程的开端，最终形成了目前63个有效物种的状况。本研究描述了星螯科的一个新物种和新属。新星螯属（Neoasterocheres）新属与狭义星螯属有许多共同特征，除了小触角的分节情况，其显示出祖先的第IX - XII节与第XIII节融合。新星螯属的新物种是在与海绵卡洛海绵属（Callyspongia）物种共生时发现的，该海绵是在巴西巴伊亚州萨尔瓦多市托多斯 - 奥斯 - 桑托斯湾的游艇俱乐部湾采集的。对狭义星螯属的修订表明，1997年的埃尼威托克星螯（A. enewetakensis）休姆斯、1996年b的戴西星螯（A. dysideae）休姆斯、2012年的胡氏星螯（A. humesi）瓦雷拉、1991年的圆星螯（A. rotundus）马尔特、1966年的盾星螯（A. scutatus）斯托克以及1996年a的锯星螯（A. serrulatus）（休姆斯）都有这种融合情况，因此应转移到新属。基于对模式标本的检查，还提供了新组合的锯齿新星螯（Neoasterocheres serrulatus）的重新描述。
